August is a month distinguished by having not one, but three recognized birthstones: peridot, sardonyx, and onyx. While peridot and sardonyx have historical precedence, onyx holds a significant place as the “ancient” birthstone for August, with spinel gaining recognition more recently in 2016. Each gemstone possesses a unique history, symbolism, and aesthetic appeal, offering a diverse range of choices for those born in this month. This article will delve into the origins, properties, and significance of these three captivating stones.
History and Lore
The association of gemstones with specific months dates back centuries, rooted in astrological beliefs and cultural traditions. Onyx historically held the position as the primary birthstone for August, with records indicating its use in jewelry and carvings for millennia. Sardonyx, a combination of sard and onyx, was particularly favored in ancient Rome for creating seals and signet rings, prized for its durability and striking banded appearance.
Peridot, often called the “gem of the sun” by the ancient Egyptians, boasts a history stretching back thousands of years. Records indicate its use in ancient Egypt, and it is also known as "Pele's Tears," referencing the Hawaiian volcano goddess of fire. While traditionally recognized, peridot’s prominence as the August birthstone grew over time. The most recent addition to the August birthstone family, spinel, only officially gained this status in 2016, demonstrating the evolving nature of these designations.
Geological Formation and Sources
Each of these August birthstones originates through distinct geological processes and is found in various locations around the globe. Peridot is a variety of the mineral olivine, forming deep within the Earth and occasionally brought to the surface by volcanic activity. It is even found within some types of meteorites, adding to its allure.
Sardonyx is a layered stone composed of sard and onyx, a type of chalcedony. Its primary source is India, though it is also found in Brazil, Uruguay, the United States, and Germany. Onyx, similarly, is a variety of chalcedony, known for its granular structure.
While specific details regarding spinel’s geological origins are limited within the provided sources, the texts highlight the diverse origins of sardonyx, found across multiple continents, and peridot’s volcanic origins.
Gemological Properties
Peridot is characterized by its vibrant green hue, stemming from its iron content. Its color can range from yellowish-green to olive and dark green, with lime green and olive green being the most sought-after shades. It is a rare gem-quality variety of olivine.
Sardonyx presents a striking appearance with its reddish-brown and white bands, formed by alternating layers of sard and onyx. This layered structure contributes to its durability.
Onyx, known for its granular structure, is available in a rainbow of colors, including red, green, and black. Its structure means it doesn’t exhibit significant sparkle, but its variety of colors makes it suitable for striking jewelry.
The sources do not provide detailed gemological data such as refractive index, specific gravity, or chemical formulas for these stones.
Symbolism and Metaphysical Beliefs
Throughout history, each of these August birthstones has been imbued with symbolic meaning. Peridot is often associated with peace, harmony, and good fortune. It is believed to possess healing properties, reducing stress and anger while fostering positive energy and creativity.
Sardonyx is considered a stone of strength and protection. Its banded appearance is thought to represent courage and resilience.
Onyx also symbolizes strength and protection. The availability of onyx in various colors allows for personalized meaning, with green and black varieties being particularly popular in jewelry.
Care and Cleaning
Maintaining the beauty of these August birthstones requires specific care based on their properties. Peridot should be cleaned with warm, soapy water and protected from extreme heat. Sardonyx can be cleaned with a soft brush and mild soap and water, avoiding harsh chemicals. Onyx is best cleaned with a damp cloth and mild soap, and ultrasonic cleaners should be avoided. These simple practices will help preserve the luster and vibrancy of each stone.
Choosing the Right August Birthstone
The choice between peridot, sardonyx, and onyx ultimately depends on personal preference and the qualities one seeks to embrace. Peridot offers vibrant energy and a sense of calm, sardonyx provides strength and resilience, and onyx offers protection and a variety of aesthetic options. Each stone provides a unique connection to the energies and qualities associated with the month of August.
Conclusion
The August birthstones – peridot, sardonyx, and onyx – represent a rich tapestry of history, symbolism, and beauty. From the ancient origins of onyx and sardonyx to the volcanic origins of peridot, each stone offers a unique connection to the earth and its energies. Whether seeking peace, strength, or protection, these gemstones provide a meaningful and elegant way to celebrate an August birthday. The diversity of these stones ensures that there is a perfect birthstone for every individual, allowing them to wear their birthstone with pride and embrace its unique qualities.