The ruby, celebrated as the birthstone for July, holds a prominent place in the world of gemstones, often referred to as the “King of Gems.” Revered for its vibrant red hue, the ruby has historically symbolized passion, love, and protection. While diamonds remain a popular choice for engagement rings, rubies offer a distinctive and fiery alternative, steeped in history and meaning. This article will explore the ruby’s historical significance, geological origins, gemological properties, and its enduring appeal as a gemstone, particularly within the context of engagement jewelry.
History and Lore
Rubies boast a rich and fascinating history, dating back approximately 2,000 years, with early discoveries believed to have originated in India. Throughout history, the ruby has been associated with power and nobility. Ancient warriors believed possessing a ruby would render them invincible in battle, while royalty adorned themselves with rubies as symbols of their status and authority. The Sanskrit word for ruby, “ratnarj,” translates to “king of the gems,” further cementing its regal reputation.
The ruby’s symbolism extends beyond mere power. It has long been considered a stone of love and passion, making it a fitting choice for engagement rings and anniversary gifts. The gemstone is traditionally associated with the 40th wedding anniversary, signifying enduring love and commitment. The enduring appeal of rubies is reflected in their continued presence in both antique and contemporary jewelry designs.
Geological Formation and Sources
Rubies are a variety of the mineral corundum, an aluminum oxide mineral. Their characteristic red color is derived from the presence of chromium, which imparts the vibrant hue. While rubies are found in various locations worldwide, the most valuable specimens historically originate from Burma, now known as Myanmar.
Other notable sources include Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Tanzania, Brazil, Zimbabwe, and Madagascar. The formation of rubies requires specific geological conditions, typically involving metamorphic or igneous processes. Unlike diamonds and emeralds, large rubies are exceptionally rare. Most rubies discovered are relatively small in size, contributing to their high value, particularly as their size increases.
Gemological Properties
Rubies are renowned for their exceptional durability, second only to diamonds on the Mohs hardness scale. This makes them well-suited for everyday wear, including engagement rings. The ruby’s chemical formula is Al₂O₃, with chromium as the coloring agent.
The quality of a ruby is assessed based on the “Four Cs”: color, clarity, cut, and carat weight. The most desirable color is a vivid, pure red, often referred to as “pigeon’s blood.” Clarity refers to the absence of inclusions, though some inclusions can be tolerated and even serve as proof of the stone’s natural origin. Cut refers to the proportions, symmetry, and polish of the gemstone, which affect its brilliance and fire. Carat weight measures the size of the ruby, with larger rubies commanding significantly higher prices.
According to available data, the finest rubies can reach staggering values, with some exceeding a million dollars per carat. This exceptional value underscores the ruby’s status as one of the most precious gemstones.
Symbolism and Metaphysical Beliefs
Throughout history, rubies have been attributed with various metaphysical properties. They are believed to promote vitality, courage, and positive energy. In some cultures, rubies were thought to protect against evil and misfortune.
As the birthstone for July, the ruby is believed to bestow good fortune and enhance the wearer’s creativity and passion. The symbolic association with love and passion makes it a particularly meaningful gift for engagements and anniversaries. The ruby’s vibrant color is often linked to the heart chakra, promoting emotional healing and balance.
Care and Cleaning
Due to their exceptional hardness, rubies are relatively durable and can withstand regular wear. However, proper care is essential to maintain their brilliance and beauty. Rubies should be cleaned regularly with warm, soapy water and a soft brush. Avoid harsh chemicals or abrasive cleaners, as these can damage the gemstone’s surface.
While rubies are resistant to scratching, they can be susceptible to chipping or fracturing if subjected to a strong impact. It is recommended to remove ruby jewelry before engaging in strenuous activities. Professional cleaning and inspection by a qualified jeweler are recommended periodically to ensure the ruby remains in optimal condition.
Ruby in Jewelry: A Modern Choice
While traditionally set in gold, rubies are increasingly being incorporated into platinum-coated sterling silver settings, offering a durable and aesthetically pleasing option. The use of platinum plating enhances the longevity and brilliance of the ring. Due to the plating process, resizing may not be possible through traditional methods, necessitating custom orders to ensure a perfect fit.
The availability of lab-created rubies provides an alternative for those seeking a more affordable option. These synthetic rubies possess the same chemical and physical properties as natural rubies, offering a visually similar appearance at a lower cost. However, some individuals prefer the unique character and provenance of naturally mined gemstones, recognizing that no two natural rubies are identical.
Conclusion
The ruby, with its rich history, vibrant color, and exceptional durability, remains a highly sought-after gemstone. As the birthstone for July, it symbolizes passion, love, and protection, making it a meaningful choice for jewelry, particularly engagement rings. Whether chosen for its historical significance, metaphysical properties, or simply its stunning beauty, the ruby continues to captivate and inspire, solidifying its position as the “King of Gemstones.” The enduring appeal of the ruby ensures its continued prominence in the world of gemstones for generations to come.