The month of February is traditionally associated with the gemstone amethyst, a variety of quartz celebrated for its captivating purple hues. Throughout history, amethyst has been revered for its beauty and believed to bestow sincerity, peace of mind, and freedom from passion. This article will delve into the history, lore, and significance of amethyst, drawing upon historical accounts and traditional associations.
History and Lore
The association of specific gemstones with particular months, and even days of the week, has a rich and complex history. Many of these beliefs originated in Biblical sources and were further developed within the medieval church. Gemstones listed in the breastplate of Aaron, as described in Exodus 28:17-20, became linked to specific saints during the Middle Ages and Renaissance. Devotees would wear a saint’s corresponding gemstone, hoping to attract their attention or assistance with personal challenges, be they physical, emotional, or spiritual. This practice gradually evolved into the modern system of metaphysical and healing associations attributed to gemstones.
In 1870, Tiffany & Co. published a birthstone poem that solidified amethyst’s place as the February birthstone, stating, “The February-born shall find / Sincerity and peace of mind / Freedom from passion and from care, / If they an amethyst will wear.” This poem, widely circulated, contributed significantly to the popularization of the modern birthstone system in the United States and Europe.
Gemological Properties
While the provided sources do not detail the gemological properties of amethyst, they do establish its classification as a variety of quartz. Further research, beyond the scope of these sources, would reveal that amethyst is a crystalline form of silica (SiO2), with its purple coloration arising from iron impurities within the quartz structure. The intensity of the purple hue can vary significantly, ranging from pale lilac to deep, rich violet.
Symbolism and Metaphysical Beliefs
Amethyst is strongly linked to concepts of sincerity and peace. The Tiffany & Co. poem explicitly connects the wearing of amethyst with these qualities. Historically, the belief in the gemstone’s power to ward off negative influences and promote emotional balance was widespread. The practice of assigning gemstones to saints and utilizing them for spiritual aid underscores the belief in their inherent metaphysical properties. While the sources do not elaborate on specific healing properties, the historical context suggests a long-held conviction in amethyst’s ability to positively influence the wearer’s well-being.
Cultural Associations and Zodiacal Connections
The sources mention various systems of birthstone assignment, including those linked to the Babylonian Zodiac, also known as the Western or tropical Zodiac. These systems often differ, offering a range of gemstones for each month. The inclusion of Ophiuchus, a sometimes-recognized thirteenth sign, further complicates the traditional assignments, with fluorite, bloodstone, tanzanite, kyanite, and black tourmaline suggested as potential birthstones for those born under this sign.
Beyond the Western Zodiac, the sources introduce the Chinese Zodiac, which assigns gemstones based on the year of birth and associated animal. However, the provided information does not include a specific gemstone for those born in February or under any particular Western astrological sign. The Chinese Zodiac assigns turquoise to those born in the year of the Monkey, citrine to those born in the year of the Rooster, diamonds to those born in the year of the Dog, opal to those born in the year of the Snake, topaz to those born in the year of the Horse, and emerald to those born in the year of the Sheep.
Birthstones and Astrological Systems
The sources highlight the diversity of birthstone traditions. The Western Zodiac, with its twelve familiar signs, is contrasted with the Chinese Zodiac, which utilizes twelve animals and five elements. The existence of both Western and Chinese birthstone systems, alongside other cultural variations, demonstrates the multifaceted nature of these beliefs. The sources also mention the possibility of assigning birthstones based on the day of the week, further illustrating the complexity of the subject.
The Significance of Twelve
The number twelve appears to hold particular significance across various cultures and systems. Mathematicians recognize it as part of the duodecimal system, while its prevalence throughout history is noted. The twelve signs of the Western Zodiac, the twelve animals of the Chinese Zodiac, and the twelve months of the year all contribute to the number’s enduring importance.
Conclusion
Amethyst, as the traditional February birthstone, carries a legacy of symbolism and belief. From its roots in Biblical lore and medieval spiritual practices to its popularization through the Tiffany & Co. poem, amethyst has consistently been associated with sincerity, peace, and emotional well-being. While the provided sources do not offer a comprehensive gemological profile, they illuminate the rich historical and cultural context surrounding this captivating purple gemstone. The diverse systems of birthstone assignment—Western, Chinese, and others—underscore the enduring human fascination with the connection between gemstones and the cosmos.