The practice of associating gemstones with specific months, and even more granular divisions of time, boasts a rich and complex history. While standardized lists of birthstones emerged relatively recently – in 1912 with the efforts of the National Association of Jewelers – the tradition of assigning symbolic meaning to gems stretches back centuries. This article delves into the world of alternative birthstones, examining the historical roots of these associations, the diverse criteria used to determine them, and the unique characteristics of the gems themselves. From zodiacal alignments to guardian angel correspondences, the options extend far beyond the commonly recognized traditional stones, offering a personalized connection to the captivating world of gemstones.
A History of Association
The origins of birthstone associations are multifaceted, drawing from religious beliefs, astrological influences, and ancient medicinal practices. As early as the 8th and 9th centuries, specific gemstones were linked to religious figures, with treaties detailing connections between stones and the apostles. These early associations were often reserved for royalty, highlighting the gems’ perceived power and prestige. During the 16th to 18th centuries, the practice of wearing the stone corresponding to one’s birth month throughout the year gained traction, evolving into the tradition observed today. However, the list of accepted birthstones was not static. Throughout history, availability and prevailing styles influenced which gems were favored, leading to a fluctuating canon. The standardization in 1912 aimed to provide clarity, but the allure of alternative stones persists, offering a wider range of choices and deeper personal connections. Subsequent additions in 1952, 2002, and 2016 – including alexandrite, tourmaline, zircon, citrine, tanzanite, and spinel – demonstrate the ongoing evolution of birthstone preferences.
Zodiacal Correspondences
One method of selecting alternative birthstones involves aligning gems with the signs of the zodiac. This system, rooted in astrological beliefs, proposes that each sign resonates with specific gemstones that amplify its inherent qualities. For those born under Aquarius (January 21 - February 18), garnet is suggested as an alternative. Pisces (February 19 - March 20) finds a connection with amethyst. Aries (March 21 - April 20) is linked to bloodstone, while Taurus (April 21 - May 20) benefits from the energy of sapphire. Gemini (May 21 - June 21) finds resonance with agate, and Cancer (June 22 - July 22) is associated with emerald. Leo (July 23 - August 23) is linked to onyx, and Virgo (August 24 - September 22) finds a connection with carnelian. Libra (September 23 - October 23) is associated with chrysolite, Scorpio (October 24 - November 22) with beryl, Sagittarius (November 23 - December 22) with topaz, and Capricorn (December 23 - January 20) with ruby. This approach allows for a more personalized selection based on astrological alignment.
Guardian Angel Associations
A less common, yet intriguing, method of choosing alternative birthstones connects gems to guardian angels. This system, originating in medieval traditions, assigns a specific gemstone to each month, believed to be protected by a particular angel. January is associated with onyx and the angel Gabriel, while February links jasper with Barchiel. March’s ruby is guarded by Malchediel, and April’s topaz by Asmodel. May’s carbuncle is overseen by Ambriel, and June’s emerald by Muriel. July’s sapphire is connected to Herchel, and August’s diamond to Humatiel. September’s jacinth is associated with Zuriel, October’s agate with Barbiel, November’s amethyst with Adnachiel, and December’s beryl with Humiel. This system offers a spiritual dimension to birthstone selection, linking the gem to divine protection.
Apostolic Connections
During the Middle Ages, scholars also explored connections between gemstones and the twelve apostles. While various interpretations existed, one particular list associates Peter with jasper, Andrew with garnet, John with emerald, Philip with carnelian, Bartholomew with chrysolite, Thomas with beryl, Matthew with topaz, James with sardonyx, Thaddeus with chrysoprase, Simeon with jacinth, James (the Younger) with amethyst, and Paul with sapphire. This system, based on historical and religious associations, provides another unique avenue for selecting a birthstone.
Birth Hour and Day of the Week
The level of personalization extends even further with associations based on the hour or day of the week of one’s birth. Each hour and day is linked to a specific gemstone and corresponding color. For example, those born at 1 AM are associated with smoky quartz, while those born at 1 PM resonate with zircon. Emerald is linked to 2 PM, and beryl to 3 PM. This highly individualized approach allows for a truly unique connection to a gemstone.
Traditional and Modern Alternatives: A Closer Look
The traditional birthstones, standardized in 1912, remain popular, but modern alternatives offer expanded choices. For January, garnet remains the traditional and modern choice, symbolizing faith and fidelity. February offers amethyst as the traditional stone, while aquamarine serves as a dreamy blue alternative. March traditionally features aquamarine, while diamond, bloodstone, and jade are offered as alternatives. April’s traditional diamond is joined by diamond quartz and clear quartz as alternatives. The word “garnet” itself originates from the Middle English “gernet,” meaning dark red, and the Latin “granatum,” referencing the seed-like appearance of the gem, reminiscent of a pomegranate. Amethyst, historically a symbol of royalty, was once considered one of the most precious gems. Aquamarine, admired by ancient civilizations, was even used in powdered form for medicinal purposes, believed to bring victory in battle and promote emotional well-being.
Choosing by Color and Meaning
Beyond these specific systems, individuals may choose alternative birthstones based on color preference or symbolic meaning. The color of a gemstone is often associated with specific emotions and energies, allowing for a selection that resonates with one’s personality. For example, those seeking a stone representing happiness and youthfulness might gravitate towards aquamarine, while those desiring strength and enduring passion might choose garnet. The ability to personalize based on these factors adds another layer of meaning to the birthstone selection process.
The Appeal of Alternative Stones
The increasing popularity of alternative birthstones stems from a desire for uniqueness and personalization. These stones often offer a more affordable option compared to traditional gems, while still possessing a distinct beauty and symbolic significance. They allow individuals to express their individuality and create a connection to their birth month that feels truly authentic. The variety of options available ensures that there is a gemstone to suit every taste and preference.
Conclusion
The world of birthstones extends far beyond the standardized lists, offering a rich tapestry of historical, astrological, and spiritual associations. Alternative birthstones provide a personalized pathway to connect with the power and beauty of gemstones, allowing individuals to choose a stone that resonates with their unique identity and beliefs. Whether guided by zodiacal alignments, guardian angel correspondences, or personal preferences, the exploration of alternative birthstones reveals a captivating realm of symbolism and meaning.