June boasts a unique distinction among the calendar months: it possesses not one, but three recognized birthstones – Alexandrite, Pearl, and Moonstone. Each gem carries its own rich history, captivating beauty, and symbolic meaning, reflecting the excitement, balance, and rejuvenation associated with the month itself. From the color-changing marvel of Alexandrite to the organic elegance of Pearl and the ethereal glow of Moonstone, these gemstones offer a diverse range of choices for those seeking a personal connection to their birthstone.
A History of Changing Choices
The designation of birthstones has evolved over time. Initially, lists varied, with different cultures and eras assigning different gems to each month. Tiffany & Co. played a significant role in standardizing the modern birthstone chart, publishing a list in 1870 that initially featured Pearl as the sole June birthstone. However, over time, Alexandrite and Moonstone were added as official alternatives, creating the trio celebrated today. The inclusion of multiple options allows for personalization and reflects the diverse preferences of gemstone enthusiasts. Ancient celebrations in June, such as the Rosalia, Vestalia, and the summer solstice, further contribute to the month’s symbolic richness and the significance of its associated gemstones.
Alexandrite: Emerald by Day, Ruby by Night
Alexandrite is the most recent addition to the June birthstone family and is prized for its remarkable color-changing ability. Under normal lighting conditions, it appears as a transparent yellow-green to greenish-blue. However, when exposed to a different light source – such as sunlight or incandescent light – it dramatically shifts to shades of red, dark purple, or orange. This phenomenon, known as pleochroism, makes Alexandrite a truly exceptional and valuable gemstone. The more complete and distinct the color change, the more highly valued the stone.
The gem is a valued form of the mineral chrysoberyl, and the most prized specimens exhibit a vivid green to bluish-green hue in daylight or fluorescent light, transforming into a deep red to purplish shade under incandescent light. This unique characteristic has led to the analogy of Alexandrite representing love, presenting itself in different forms or shades, always revealing its true nature.
Alexandrite’s discovery occurred in the Ural Mountains of Russia on the birthday of Czar Alexander II, hence its name. Following the depletion of the original Russian mines, deposits were later found in Brazil, revitalizing the supply of this rare and sought-after gemstone.
Pearl: A Gift from the Living Sea
Unlike most gemstones that are mined from the earth, the Pearl is uniquely born from a living creature – mollusks such as clams, oysters, and mussels. The formation of a pearl begins when an irritant, often a parasite organism or a piece of shell, enters the mollusk’s shell. As a defense mechanism, the mollusk coats the irritant with layers of a protein called conchiolin and a mineral called aragonite, creating the lustrous substance known as nacre, or mother-of-pearl.
Pearls come in a variety of colors, including white, pink, black, and blue, determined by the color of the mollusk’s shell. Historically, the Pearl’s name originates from the Old French word “perle,” derived from the Latin word for “leg,” referencing the shape of mollusk shells. Pearls symbolize purity and loyalty and are believed to bestow peace, balance, and protection upon the wearer.
Moonstone: Capturing Lunar Radiance
Moonstone is renowned for its captivating adularescence – a shimmering, ethereal glow that appears to emanate from within the gemstone. This effect is caused by light scattering within the stone’s layered structure, creating a pearl-like luster. The name “moonstone” was coined by the Roman historian Pliny the Elder, who observed the stone’s resemblance to the shifting phases of the moon.
The most valued moonstones exhibit a blue sheen when viewed against a white background. Throughout history, Moonstone has been interwoven with mythology, associated with Roman and Greek lunar deities and revered in Hindu traditions as solidified moonbeams. It is believed to represent love, passion, and fertility, and is considered a harbinger of good luck. Folklore suggests that Moonstone brings beautiful and magical dreams, and some cultures have used it as a remedy for insomnia and sleepwalking. Often referred to as “The Traveller’s Stone,” Moonstone was historically employed as a protective charm for nighttime journeys.
Chemically, Moonstone is a form of the mineral feldspar. The mineral layers within the stone reflect light, resulting in its characteristic milky white or gray color and silvery glow. Moonstone can also be found in pink, orange, near-colorless, and multicolored varieties.
Gemological Properties at a Glance
| Gemstone | Chemical Formula | Hardness (Mohs) | Key Property |
|---|---|---|---|
| Alexandrite | BeAl₂O₄ | 8.5 | Color Change |
| Pearl | CaCO₃ | 2.5 - 4.5 | Organic Gemstone |
| Moonstone | (Na,K)AlSi₃O₈ | 6 - 6.5 | Adularescence (Sheen) |
Symbolism and Modern Applications
The three June birthstones each carry distinct symbolic meanings. Alexandrite, with its dynamic color change, represents balance, good fortune, and the ability to adapt to new situations. Pearl embodies purity, innocence, and faith, making it a traditional choice for wedding jewelry. Moonstone symbolizes intuition, empathy, and emotional balance, often associated with feminine energy and inner peace.
Today, these gemstones are not only cherished for their beauty and symbolism but also for their versatility in jewelry design. Alexandrite, due to its rarity, is often set in high-end pieces, while Pearls are incorporated into a wide range of styles, from classic strands to contemporary designs. Moonstone’s ethereal glow lends itself well to delicate pendants, earrings, and rings. The combination of these three stones in a single piece of jewelry offers a unique and personalized tribute to a June birthday.
Caring for Your June Birthstone
Proper care is essential to maintain the beauty and longevity of your June birthstone. Alexandrite, with its relatively high hardness, is durable but should still be protected from harsh impacts and extreme temperature changes. Pearls, being a softer organic gemstone, require gentle handling and should be cleaned with a soft cloth and mild soap. Avoid exposing Pearls to harsh chemicals, ultrasonic cleaners, or abrasive materials. Moonstone, while moderately durable, can be susceptible to scratching, so it should be stored separately from harder gemstones and cleaned with a soft cloth and lukewarm water.
Conclusion
June’s birthstones – Alexandrite, Pearl, and Moonstone – represent a captivating blend of rarity, elegance, and symbolism. Each gemstone offers a unique connection to the month’s essence of balance and rejuvenation. Whether you are drawn to the color-changing magic of Alexandrite, the timeless beauty of Pearl, or the ethereal glow of Moonstone, these gems provide a meaningful and cherished way to celebrate a June birthday or simply appreciate the wonders of the natural world.