Alexandrite, a captivating and exceptionally rare gemstone, holds a distinguished position as one of the three birthstones for June, alongside pearl and moonstone. Celebrated for its remarkable color-changing ability, this variety of the Chrysoberyl mineral family symbolizes adaptability, balance, and inner wealth. Revered for both its beauty and its purported healing properties, Alexandrite has a rich history and continues to fascinate gem enthusiasts and collectors alike. This article will delve into the gemstone’s properties, historical origins, metaphysical beliefs, and significance as a birthstone.
History and Lore
First discovered in 1830 by Finnish mineralogist Nils Gustaf Nordenskiöld, Alexandrite was initially mistaken for an emerald due to its initial appearance within the Ural Mountains of Russia. However, it was soon identified as a unique chromium-bearing color-change variety of Chrysoberyl. The gemstone was named in honor of Czar Alexander II of Russia, coinciding with his coming of age.
The rarity of Alexandrite contributed to its immediate prestige. Early Russian specimens, exhibiting a striking color change from green in daylight to red under incandescent light, were highly sought after by the aristocracy. Today, Alexandrite remains a prized possession, commemorating the 55th wedding anniversary and representing enduring love and romance. It is also associated with the Cancer zodiac sign, and is considered beneficial for those with Leo, Gemini, Taurus, and Virgo ascendants.
Geological Formation and Sources
Alexandrite forms in metamorphic rocks, specifically in pegmatites rich in beryllium. The presence of chromium is crucial for the gemstone’s characteristic color-changing ability. While the original discoveries were made in the Ural Mountains of Russia, these sources are now largely exhausted.
Currently, significant Alexandrite deposits are found in Sri Lanka, East Africa (particularly Tanzania), and Brazil. Alexandrite from different localities can exhibit varying degrees of color change and clarity. The most valuable specimens typically display a vivid color change and high clarity.
Gemological Properties
Alexandrite boasts impressive gemological properties that contribute to its desirability. Its chemical formula is BeAl2O4+Cr, indicating its composition of beryllium, aluminum, oxygen, and chromium. With a hardness of 8.5 on the Mohs scale, Alexandrite is a durable gemstone suitable for various jewelry applications. Its refractive index ranges from 1.745 to 1.759, contributing to its brilliance. The density of Alexandrite falls between 3.70 and 3.78.
The gemstone’s diaphaneity can range from transparent to opaque, with transparent stones commanding higher prices. The most defining characteristic of Alexandrite is its color change. Ideally, the stone should appear green or bluish-green in daylight and red or purplish-red under incandescent light. The strength and clarity of this color change are key factors in determining the gemstone’s value.
Here's a table summarizing key gemological properties:
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Chemical Formula | BeAl2O4+Cr |
| Hardness (Mohs) | 8.5 |
| Refractive Index | 1.745 - 1.759 |
| Density | 3.70 - 3.78 |
| Diaphaneity | Transparent-Opaque |
Symbolism and Metaphysical Beliefs
Alexandrite is rich in symbolism and metaphysical associations. As a birthstone for June, it represents adaptability and flexibility, mirroring the versatile personalities of those born in this month. The gemstone is believed to bring good luck, enhance personal charm, and aid in making wise decisions.
Beyond its birthstone significance, Alexandrite is considered a powerful healing stone. It is thought to support the endocrine system, boost immune function, and aid in the repair of the pancreas, spleen, and nervous tissue. On an emotional level, Alexandrite is believed to promote inner calm, relieve stress, and aid in emotional stability. It is said to balance rational thought with emotions, fostering emotional maturity and harmony.
Alexandrite is also associated with the Heart, Throat, and Third Eye Chakras, believed to activate these vital energy centers within the body. Metaphysically, it is seen as a bridge between the physical and spiritual realms, opening the crown chakra and facilitating spiritual transformation. The stone is thought to channel positive energy, ward off negativity, boost self-esteem, and promote a sense of inner wealth and fulfillment. Some believe it aids in cell regeneration, accelerating wound healing and promoting overall vitality.
Physical and Emotional Healing Benefits
Alexandrite is believed to offer a range of physical health benefits, including relief from ailments related to the nervous system, spleen, and pancreas. It is thought to regenerate neurological tissues and soothe inflammation in neck muscles. The gemstone’s detoxifying action is believed to stimulate the liver, optimizing its performance.
Emotionally, Alexandrite is said to encourage wearers to listen to their feelings and achieve emotional maturity. It strengthens willpower and promotes acceptance of change. The gemstone is particularly useful in chakra healing therapies, balancing the Heart Chakra and calming feelings of being lost. It is believed to foster an interest in pursuing a fulfilling career and boost creativity and intellectual powers.
Care and Cleaning
Due to its hardness of 8.5 on the Mohs scale, Alexandrite is a relatively durable gemstone. However, it is still susceptible to scratches and damage from harsh impacts. To maintain its brilliance, Alexandrite jewelry should be cleaned regularly with warm, soapy water and a soft brush. Avoid ultrasonic cleaners and harsh chemicals, as these can damage the gemstone. It is also advisable to remove Alexandrite jewelry before engaging in strenuous activities or when exposed to potentially damaging substances.
Influence on Fortune
Alexandrite is considered a stone of good fortune, believed to channel positive thoughts and ward off negativity. It is thought to bring good luck and protect the wearer from harm. Its powerful and protective charm is said to keep the wearer safe and shielded from negative energy.
Conclusion
Alexandrite stands as a truly exceptional gemstone, celebrated for its rare color-changing ability, rich history, and purported healing properties. As the birthstone for June, it symbolizes adaptability, inner wealth, and good fortune. From its discovery in the Ural Mountains to its current sources in Sri Lanka, East Africa, and Brazil, Alexandrite continues to captivate gem enthusiasts and collectors worldwide. Its unique combination of beauty, durability, and metaphysical significance ensures its enduring appeal for generations to come.