December is a unique month in the world of gemstones, distinguished by having not one, but four recognized birthstones: Blue Topaz, Turquoise, Tanzanite, and Zircon. Each gem possesses a distinct color, history, and symbolic meaning, making December an exceptional month for those fascinated by gemstones. This article will explore the characteristics, origins, and significance of each of these December birthstones, drawing upon available information regarding their properties and lore.
A Quartet of Choices
The tradition of associating specific gemstones with each month of the year has evolved over time. While some months have a single, universally accepted birthstone, December offers a choice of four, allowing individuals to select the gem that resonates most with them. This selection provides a range of colors, from the vibrant blues of Topaz and Tanzanite to the earthy tones of Turquoise and the brilliance of Zircon. The availability of multiple birthstones is a relatively modern phenomenon, offering greater personalization and choice.
Blue Topaz: Clarity and Communication
Blue Topaz is a popular contemporary choice for December’s birthstone, prized for its clarity and brilliant blue hues. The name “Topaz” originates from the Sanskrit word “tapas,” meaning fire, though the cool, serene blue shades evoke a sense of calm and tranquility. Blue Topaz exhibits a range of color variations, including sky blue, a soft pastel shade; Swiss Blue, a vibrant and bold hue ideal for statement jewelry; and London Blue, a deep, dark blue often with gray or green undertones, considered the most valuable shade.
Historically, Blue Topaz was valued for its supposed healing and calming properties. In modern interpretations, it is associated with communication and creativity, making it a fitting stone for individuals in artistic or leadership roles.
Geologically, Blue Topaz is composed of aluminum fluorosilicate and registers an 8 on the Mohs hardness scale, indicating good durability for everyday wear, though it is susceptible to cleavage under sharp impacts. The primary sources of Blue Topaz are Brazil, Nigeria, and Sri Lanka. Proper care involves cleaning with warm, soapy water and a soft cloth, avoiding ultrasonic cleaners and harsh chemicals.
Turquoise: Ancient Protection and Peace
Turquoise, a long-standing and commonly recognized December birthstone, is celebrated for its stunning color and versatile wearability. Its name derives from the French phrase “pierre turquoise,” meaning “Turkish stone,” as the gem often entered Europe through Turkey.
Historically, Turquoise has been revered for centuries, carrying ancient traditions of protection and peace. It has been found in archaeological sites dating back thousands of years, demonstrating its enduring appeal across cultures.
Turquoise is best suited to bezel settings to protect its softer surface from scratches and impacts. Gentle cleaning with a damp cloth is recommended, avoiding exposure to chemicals, oils, and excessive moisture.
Tanzanite: A Modern Discovery
Tanzanite is a relatively recent addition to the list of December birthstones, officially recognized in 1952. This gorgeous stone is known for its deep blue tones and is a wonderful choice for those seeking a vibrant and modern birthstone.
Tanzanite’s unique geological formation is limited to the Merelani Hills of Tanzania, making it a geographically exclusive gemstone. Its discovery in the 20th century has quickly established it as a highly sought-after gem.
Protective settings, such as halos or bezels, are recommended for Tanzanite rings to shield its softer edges. Cleaning should be done with mild soap and water, avoiding ultrasonic or steam cleaning and sudden temperature changes.
Zircon: Wisdom and Prosperity
Zircon is one of the oldest minerals found on Earth, symbolizing wisdom and prosperity. While often confused with cubic zirconia, a synthetic diamond simulant, natural Zircon is a distinct gemstone with a rich history.
Zircon exhibits a range of colors, but the blue variety is most commonly associated with December’s birthstone selection. However, it is important to note that Zircon is brittle and prone to chipping, making it best suited for pendants or earrings where it is less likely to be damaged.
Care for Zircon involves cleaning with warm soapy water and a soft cloth, handling it carefully to avoid chipping.
Durability and Care Considerations
When considering the durability of December’s birthstones, Blue Topaz emerges as the most resilient, with a Mohs hardness of 8. This makes it suitable for a wide range of jewelry, including rings, bracelets, and everyday wear. Turquoise, being a softer stone, benefits from protective settings like bezels. Tanzanite, while beautiful, requires careful handling and protective settings due to its tendency to cleave. Zircon, being the most brittle of the four, is best suited for jewelry pieces that are less prone to impact.
Proper care is essential for preserving the beauty and longevity of each birthstone. Avoiding harsh chemicals, ultrasonic cleaners, and extreme temperatures will help maintain their luster and prevent damage. Regular cleaning with warm, soapy water and a soft cloth is generally recommended.
Selecting the Perfect Setting
The ideal jewelry setting for a December birthstone depends on the gem’s hardness and durability. Blue Topaz works well in various settings, including prong, bezel, and pavé. Turquoise benefits from bezel settings to protect its softer surface. Tanzanite is best suited for protective settings like halos or bezels, particularly for rings. Zircon, due to its brittleness, is most appropriate for pendants or earrings.
Where to Acquire December Birthstones
December’s birthstones are available from a variety of sources, including jewelry retailers, gemological suppliers, and online marketplaces. When purchasing a birthstone, it is important to consider the quality of the gem, the reputation of the seller, and the overall value for money.
Conclusion
December’s selection of birthstones – Blue Topaz, Turquoise, Tanzanite, and Zircon – offers a diverse range of colors, histories, and symbolic meanings. Each gem holds a unique appeal, allowing individuals born in December to choose the stone that best reflects their personality and aesthetic preferences. From the clarity of Blue Topaz to the ancient protection of Turquoise, the modern allure of Tanzanite, and the enduring wisdom of Zircon, these gemstones represent a rich tapestry of geological wonder and cultural significance.