August is unique among the calendar months, boasting not one, but three recognized birthstones: peridot, onyx, and spinel. While peridot is often considered the primary or traditional August birthstone, onyx holds historical significance as an ancient association, and spinel was officially added as a modern choice in 2016. This multiplicity reflects the evolving traditions surrounding birthstones, tracing back to medieval origins and differing regional interpretations. This article will explore the history, properties, and symbolism of these three gemstones, offering insight into their enduring appeal.
History and Lore
The tradition of linking gemstones to birth months has roots in ancient practices, though the formalized system as we know it today emerged in Poland and Germany centuries ago. The practice evolved over time, resulting in variations between ancient, traditional, and modern birthstone lists. North American and European jewelers sometimes differ in their preferred associations, contributing to the multiple options available for each month.
Onyx holds the longest-standing connection to August, considered the original birthstone for the month. Its use in jewelry dates back centuries, prized for its granular structure which lends itself well to carving into cameos and cabochons. Peridot, known as the “evening emerald” or “gem of the Sun,” was favored by the ancient Egyptians. Spinel, the newest addition to the August birthstone family, only gained official recognition in 2016, though it has been historically mistaken for ruby and sapphire.
Peridot: The Gem of the Sun
Peridot is a gem-quality variety of olivine, a mineral occasionally found within meteorites, lending it an “extra-terrestrial allure.” This unique origin has led to its poetic nickname, “Pele’s Tears,” referencing the Hawaiian volcano goddess of fire, Pele. The gemstone’s vibrant green hue stems from its iron content, ranging from yellowish-green to olive and dark green.
Historically, the ancient Egyptians revered peridot, referring to it as the “gem of the Sun.” It is formed deep within the Earth and is occasionally brought to the surface by volcanic activity. Today, lab-created cubic zirconia in a peridot green hue is frequently used in birthstone jewelry due to cost and rarity considerations, offering a similar aesthetic appeal.
Onyx: Strength and Protection
Onyx, the ancient birthstone for August, is characterized by its granular structure, making it ideal for shaping into cabochons, beads, and carved cameos. Unlike stones known for their brilliance, onyx absorbs light, but its variety of colors – including red, green, and black – allows for striking jewelry designs.
Symbolically, onyx represents strength and protection. The availability of numerous colors and variations makes it a versatile gift option, catering to diverse preferences. Modern designs often feature delicately faceted onyx to create a subtle shimmer, enhancing its aesthetic appeal.
Spinel: A Recent Addition
While historically sometimes confused with ruby and sapphire, spinel was officially recognized as an August birthstone in 2016. Details regarding its specific properties and lore are limited within the provided sources, but its inclusion signifies a continuing evolution in birthstone traditions.
Gemological Properties
The provided sources offer limited detailed gemological data. However, some properties can be gleaned:
- Peridot: A gem-quality variety of olivine, its color ranges from yellowish-green to dark green due to iron content.
- Onyx: Characterized by a granular structure, it is not known for its sparkle due to its light-absorbing properties. It comes in a variety of colors, including red, green, and black.
- Cubic Zirconia: Frequently used as a peridot substitute, offering a similar green hue and sparkle at a lower cost.
The sources do not provide information on hardness, refractive index, chemical formulas, or other detailed gemological properties for any of the three stones.
Symbolism and Metaphysical Beliefs
Onyx is specifically associated with strength and protection. Peridot, with its ancient Egyptian ties, was considered a gem of the Sun, suggesting associations with warmth, light, and vitality. While the sources do not elaborate on the metaphysical beliefs surrounding spinel, its recent recognition as a birthstone suggests a growing appreciation for its unique qualities.
Jewelry and Design
The sources highlight the versatility of these stones in jewelry design. Peridot is featured in knotted candy bead necklaces with rose gold findings, and in Celtic-inspired designs like flower pendants and sun-like earrings. Onyx is used in designs favoring green and black stones, often cut with facets to create a shimmer. The provided examples showcase a range of styles, from delicate knotted strands to more elaborate Celtic motifs. Love knot necklaces featuring cubic zirconia are also popular, symbolizing an unbreakable bond.
Care and Cleaning
The sources do not provide specific care instructions for these gemstones. However, given the properties described, general guidelines for gemstone care would apply. Peridot and spinel, being relatively durable, can be cleaned with warm soapy water and a soft brush. Onyx, due to its granular structure, may be more susceptible to damage and should be handled with care.
Purchasing Considerations
The sources suggest that due to the cost and rarity of gem-quality peridot, lab-created cubic zirconia in a peridot green is often used in birthstone jewelry. This offers an affordable alternative without sacrificing the desired color and sparkle. When choosing August birthstone jewelry, consumers have the option of peridot, onyx, or spinel, each offering unique aesthetic and symbolic qualities.
Knot Necklace Significance
The sources mention the popularity of love knot necklaces, particularly those featuring birthstones. These necklaces symbolize an unbreakable bond between two souls, making them a meaningful gift for loved ones. The adjustable chain length and complimentary packaging enhance the gifting experience.
Sources
Conclusion
August’s birthstones – peridot, onyx, and spinel – represent a rich tapestry of history, symbolism, and geological origins. From the ancient reverence for peridot as the “gem of the Sun” to the enduring strength associated with onyx and the recent recognition of spinel, these gemstones offer a diverse range of choices for those born in August. While the provided sources offer a glimpse into their significance, further research would be needed to fully explore their gemological properties and cultural lore. The enduring popularity of birthstone jewelry, particularly love knot necklaces, demonstrates the continued appeal of these symbolic and beautiful gems.