August is a uniquely endowed month, boasting not one, not two, but three recognized birthstones: peridot, spinel, and onyx. This tradition, evolving over centuries, offers a diverse palette of color and symbolism for those born in the late summer months. While historically, sardonyx held prominence, and more recently spinel gained recognition, peridot remains the most widely accepted modern birthstone for August. These gemstones each carry a rich history, distinct geological origins, and unique metaphysical properties, making them captivating choices for jewelry and personal adornment.
History and Lore
The association of gemstones with specific birth months traces its roots to ancient traditions, potentially originating in Poland or Germany during the medieval period. This practice, linked to the biblical breastplate of Aaron, gradually evolved, with different cultures and regions developing their own sets of birthstone correspondences. Sources indicate that the tradition has been refined over time, with “ancient,” “traditional,” and “modern” designations applied to various stones. Onyx is considered the “ancient” birthstone for August, while peridot is a “traditional” choice, and spinel was officially recognized as a modern birthstone as recently as 2016.
Peridot’s history stretches back millennia. Ancient Egyptians revered peridot, referring to it as the “gem of the Sun” and valuing it for its vibrant green hue. It was found in priests’ jewelry as early as the second century BCE and later adorned the chalices and churches of medieval Europe. Legends associate peridot with volcanic origins, sometimes called “Pele’s Tears” after the Hawaiian goddess of fire, and even being found within meteorites, lending it an otherworldly allure. Sardonyx, with a history spanning over 4,000 years, was the original August birthstone, while spinel, though long mistaken for ruby, gained independent recognition in more recent times.
Geological Formation and Sources
Peridot is a gem-quality variety of the mineral olivine, formed deep within the Earth’s mantle. It is brought to the surface through volcanic activity, occasionally found in lava flows, and, remarkably, within certain types of meteorites. The color of peridot, ranging from yellowish-green to olive and dark green, is determined by its iron content.
While specific mining locations aren’t detailed in the provided sources beyond a general mention of volcanic regions, the origins of these stones are geographically diverse. Spinel and onyx sources are not detailed in the provided materials.
Gemological Properties
Peridot is unique among birthstones in that it consistently exhibits a shade of green; it is never found in any other color. This consistent coloration stems from its chemical composition. Peridot is a rare gem-quality variety of olivine.
The sources do not provide detailed gemological data such as refractive index, specific gravity, or crystal structure for any of the three August birthstones. However, they do highlight key characteristics:
| Gemstone | Color Range | Key Characteristics |
|---|---|---|
| Peridot | Yellowish-green, apple green, olive, dark green | Always green, formed in lava and meteorites |
| Spinel | (Not detailed in sources) | Historically mistaken for ruby |
| Onyx | (Not detailed in sources) | Ancient birthstone for August |
Symbolism and Metaphysical Beliefs
Throughout history, these August birthstones have been imbued with symbolic meaning and metaphysical properties. Peridot has long been associated with harmony, good health, restful sleep, and peacefulness. It is often referred to as the “stone of compassion,” believed to calm anger and promote renewal. Ancient cultures believed peridot possessed magical powers and healing properties, protecting against nightmares and instilling power and influence.
Spinel is described as a stone that promotes responsibility, forgiveness, and the manifestation of dreams. Sardonyx radiates positive energy, enhancing confidence, optimism, and joy. Carnelian, another traditional August birthstone, is a power stone, boosting strength, courage, and vitality. Alexandrite, historically linked to August in Russia, is believed to connect individuals with their guardian spirits and foster self-respect, willpower, and creativity.
Care and Cleaning
The provided sources offer limited guidance on the care and cleaning of these gemstones. However, given peridot’s composition and relative hardness, gentle cleaning with warm, soapy water and a soft cloth is recommended. Avoid harsh chemicals and ultrasonic cleaners, as these could potentially damage the stone. The hardness of spinel and onyx is not detailed in the sources, so general care for gemstones – avoiding impacts and harsh chemicals – is advisable.
August Personalities
The sources suggest a correlation between birth months and personality traits. Those born in August are often described as strong-willed, practical, and natural-born leaders, possessing high expectations and a talent for organization and motivation. The variety of birthstones available to August-born individuals is seen as a reflection of their multifaceted nature.
A Modern Perspective
The evolution of birthstone lists reflects changing tastes and discoveries within the gemological world. The addition of spinel as a modern August birthstone in 2016 demonstrates a continued interest in recognizing the beauty and significance of lesser-known gemstones. The availability of three birthstones for August provides individuals with a wider range of choices, allowing them to select a gem that resonates with their personal style and beliefs.
Conclusion
August’s trio of birthstones – peridot, spinel, and onyx – represent a captivating blend of history, geology, and symbolism. From the ancient reverence for peridot as the “gem of the Sun” to the recent recognition of spinel as a modern choice, these gemstones offer a rich tapestry of meaning for those born in the eighth month of the year. Whether valued for their aesthetic beauty, their perceived metaphysical properties, or their historical significance, these August birthstones continue to hold a special place in the world of gemstones.