December is unique among the calendar months in its abundance of birthstones. Rather than being represented by a single gem, those born in December can choose from a selection of five traditional stones: zircon, topaz, tanzanite, lapis lazuli, and turquoise. Historically, turquoise and zircon have been most prominently associated with the month, representing the cool hues of the winter season. However, the inclusion of tanzanite, lapis lazuli, and topaz provides a diverse range of options in color, price, and personal meaning. The tradition of assigning gemstones to specific months evolved from ancient beliefs that wearing the correct stone at the right time could bestow awesome powers, and has since transformed into a way to honor one’s birth month through beautiful and meaningful adornment.
A History Rooted in Tradition and Modern Discovery
The practice of associating gemstones with specific months, and even zodiac signs, dates back centuries. Ancient civilizations believed in the power of gemstones, attributing various properties and benefits to each. This belief system is reflected in the historical connection between birthstones and the twelve apostles, as well as references within biblical texts, such as Aaron’s breastplate and the foundation stones of New Jerusalem. These early associations formed the basis for the modern birthstone lists.
While the concept of birthstones has ancient roots, not all December birthstones share an equally long history. Turquoise has been admired for centuries, cherished by ancient cultures for its spiritual and healing qualities. In contrast, tanzanite is a relatively recent discovery, first unearthed in Tanzania in 1967. The inclusion of both traditional and modern gems reflects the evolving nature of these traditions and provides a wider selection for individuals to choose from. For those born under the Sagittarius sign (November 22 – December 21), emerald is also considered a celestial birth gem, while Chalcedony is associated with those born under Capricorn (December 22 – December 31). Some astrologists even suggest overlap, allowing for flexibility in choosing a stone that resonates with one’s individual energy.
Gemological Properties and Distinguishing Characteristics
The December birthstones exhibit a wide range of gemological properties, contributing to their diverse appeal.
Zircon is celebrated for its brilliant fire and rainbow of colors. It is one of the oldest minerals on Earth, lending it significant geological and historical value. While often associated with blue hues in the context of December birthstones, zircon naturally occurs in a variety of colors, including golden, red, and even colorless varieties that can resemble diamonds.
Topaz, frequently found in shades of blue, is known for its calm, serene colors.
Tanzanite is highly prized for its unique blue to violet color, and its rarity. This gemstone is found in only one area near Mount Kilimanjaro in Tanzania, making it a particularly sought-after gem.
Turquoise is a semi-translucent combination of copper and aluminum phosphate, resulting in its characteristic blue-green color. It is formed through the chemical interaction of acidic groundwater with minerals containing aluminum and phosphorus.
The following table summarizes key properties:
| Gemstone | Chemical Composition | Color(s) | Notable Properties |
|---|---|---|---|
| Zircon | Zirconium Silicate (ZrSiO₄) | Blue, Golden, Red, Clear | High brilliance, fire, oldest mineral on Earth |
| Topaz | Aluminum Silicate (Al₂SiO₄(OH,F)₂) | Blue, Yellow, Brown, Clear | Serene colors, hardness |
| Tanzanite | Calcium Aluminum Silicate | Blue to Violet | Rarity, unique pleochroism |
| Turquoise | Copper Aluminum Phosphate | Blue-Green | Semi-translucent, formed by chemical interaction |
Symbolism and Metaphysical Beliefs
Throughout history, each of these December birthstones has been imbued with symbolic meaning and metaphysical properties. Turquoise, long cherished by ancient cultures, is associated with wisdom, protection, and new beginnings. Zircon is believed to promote prosperity and wisdom, while also offering protection from harm. Tanzanite, with its captivating color, is thought to stimulate intuition and enhance spiritual awareness. The vibrant colors of these stones are believed to reflect brilliance and offer a connection to historical and cultural narratives.
The tradition of wearing birthstones is not merely about aesthetics; it’s about connecting with a deeper sense of self and embracing the unique energies associated with each gem. The stones are believed to be blessed to those who wear them, offering a sense of comfort, happiness, and well-being.
Care and Cleaning
Maintaining the beauty of December birthstones requires understanding their individual properties and taking appropriate care. While all gemstones benefit from gentle cleaning with mild soap and warm water, some require specific attention.
Zircon, with its brilliance, can be easily scratched, so it should be stored carefully and protected from harsh impacts. Turquoise, being a relatively soft stone, is susceptible to damage from chemicals and extreme temperatures. It should be cleaned gently and avoid exposure to harsh cleaning agents. Tanzanite, while durable, can be brittle and should be handled with care. Topaz is relatively hard and durable, but should still be protected from scratches and sudden temperature changes.
By following these simple care instructions, the vibrancy and beauty of December birthstones can be preserved for years to come.
The Modern Appeal and Purchasing Considerations
Today, December birthstones are popular choices for engagement rings, wedding bands, and necklaces, reflecting their enduring appeal and versatility. When purchasing these gemstones, careful research and consultation with experts are essential to ensure quality and authenticity. The unique traits of each stone demand thoughtful handling and care to maintain their beauty over time.
The diverse selection of December birthstones allows individuals to express their individuality and connect with a rich tapestry of history and cultural significance. Whether one is drawn to the traditional charm of turquoise, the modern allure of tanzanite, or the brilliant fire of zircon, there is a December birthstone to suit every taste and preference. The choice is ultimately personal, reflecting a connection to the gem’s energy, symbolism, and aesthetic appeal.
Conclusion
December’s birthstones—zircon, topaz, tanzanite, lapis lazuli, and turquoise—offer a rich mix of history and symbolism, making each unique for those born in this month. These stones are more than just beautiful; they reflect the wearer's personality and bring a variety of cultural significances. When choosing between these gemstones, December’s stones stand out with their vibrant colors and deep cultural roots, providing a distinct way to express individuality. Their enduring appeal and diverse properties ensure that these gems will continue to captivate and inspire for generations to come.