September boasts a rich selection of birthstones, offering individuals born in this month a choice beyond a single gem. While Sapphire traditionally holds the position as the primary September birthstone, Opal, Amethyst, and Lapis Lazuli are also recognized as alternatives. This multiplicity of options reflects both historical precedent and modern adaptations to the birthstone tradition. This article will explore the history, properties, and significance of each of these September birthstones, drawing upon available information to provide a comprehensive overview.
A Quartet of September Stones
For centuries, gemstones have been associated with specific months, believed to possess unique properties and bestow blessings upon those born under their influence. September is unique in offering four distinct birthstones, a practice stemming from adjustments made by the National Association of Jewelers in 1952 to broaden the selection and cater to evolving tastes. The traditional choice, Sapphire, remains highly esteemed, while Opal, Amethyst, and Lapis Lazuli provide additional options, each with its own captivating allure and symbolic meaning.
Sapphire: Royalty and Heavenly Blessings
Sapphire, derived from the Greek word sappeiros, has long been a symbol of royalty, nobility, and wisdom. Its association with the month of September dates back to the Middle Ages, where it was believed to protect loved ones from envy and harm. Medieval clergy wore sapphires to symbolize heaven, while commoners believed the gem attracted heavenly blessings.
Sapphire is a variety of the mineral corundum, and occurs in a rainbow of colors. While most associate sapphire with deep blue hues, ranging from light to violetish-blue, it can also be found in pink, purple, green, orange, and yellow varieties, each distinguished by its color prefix (e.g., pink sapphire, green sapphire). The red variety of corundum is known as Ruby. The most prized blue sapphires exhibit a medium to medium-dark blue or slightly violetish-blue coloration. The blue color originates from trace elements such as iron, nickel, or copper within the mineral’s structure.
Sapphire’s meaning centers around vision, wisdom, and awareness. It is considered a “celestial stone” due to its deep blue hue, evoking a connection to the heavens and the universe. Some believe it holds the secrets of the universe, reminding individuals to remain open to life’s possibilities and revelations.
Opal: A Play of Color and Ancient Origins
Opal, often considered the most popular of the September alternatives, is renowned for its captivating “play of color,” a unique optical phenomenon that displays a shifting spectrum of hues. The name opal originates from the Greek word Opallos, meaning “to see a change,” aptly describing its dynamic appearance.
Unlike quartz, which shares a similar chemical formula, opal contains 5-10% water within its structure. This water fills microscopic gaps between spheres within the gem, causing light diffraction and creating the vibrant colors. Opal was known to the Ancient Romans, who sourced it from what is now the Czech Republic. Today, Australia is the primary source of opal, and the gem is considered the country’s national gemstone. A significant black opal discovery in 1877 boosted Australia’s prominence in the opal market.
Historically, the opal market experienced a downturn after the publication of Sir Walter Scott’s novel Anne of Geierstein in 1829, which falsely associated the gem with bad luck. However, its inherent beauty and unique properties have ensured its continued popularity.
Amethyst: Intuition and Inner Peace
Amethyst, also recognized as a September birthstone, is valued for its ability to enhance intuition and promote inner peace. It works in harmony with both intellect and intuition, providing keen insight and facilitating creative flow. Amethyst is particularly beneficial for those struggling with insomnia or anxiety, helping to calm the mind and access inner brilliance.
Lapis Lazuli: Truth and Self-Acceptance
Lapis Lazuli, the final of the September birthstones, is associated with compassion, harmony, and self-awareness. It is believed to grant the insight and strength needed to remain true to oneself and others. Lapis Lazuli encourages vulnerability, allowing individuals to explore their emotions openly and embrace personal growth.
Gemological Properties: A Comparative Overview
While each September birthstone possesses unique characteristics, a brief comparison of their gemological properties provides further insight:
| Gemstone | Chemical Formula | Hardness (Mohs) | Color(s) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sapphire | Al₂O₃ | 9 | Blue, Pink, Purple, Green, Yellow, etc. |
| Opal | SiO₂·nH₂O | 5.5 - 6.5 | Varied, displaying "play of color" |
| Amethyst | SiO₂ | 7 | Purple |
| Lapis Lazuli | (Na,Ca)₈Al₆Si₆O₂₄S | 5 - 6 | Deep Blue with Gold Flecks |
Historical and Cultural Significance
The historical and cultural significance of these September birthstones varies considerably. Sapphire’s association with royalty and religious figures is well-documented, while Opal’s history is marked by periods of both acclaim and misfortune. Amethyst has been valued for its calming properties for centuries, and Lapis Lazuli has been used in jewelry and ornamentation since ancient times.
Care and Cleaning
Proper care is essential to maintain the beauty and longevity of each September birthstone. Sapphire, with its high hardness, is relatively durable and can be cleaned with warm, soapy water and a soft brush. Opal, being softer and containing water, requires more delicate handling. It should be protected from harsh chemicals, extreme temperatures, and prolonged exposure to sunlight. Amethyst and Lapis Lazuli can also be cleaned with warm, soapy water, but should be handled with care to avoid scratching or damaging their surfaces.
Conclusion
September’s birthstones – Sapphire, Opal, Amethyst, and Lapis Lazuli – offer a diverse range of colors, properties, and symbolic meanings. Whether one prefers the classic elegance of Sapphire, the vibrant play of color in Opal, the calming energy of Amethyst, or the compassionate essence of Lapis Lazuli, each gem provides a unique connection to the month of September and the qualities it represents. The availability of multiple birthstones allows individuals to choose a gem that resonates with their personal preferences and beliefs, celebrating the beauty and diversity of the natural world.