For those born on December 13th, the distinction of a single birthstone does not apply. This date is uniquely associated with three captivating gemstones: Tanzanite, Turquoise, and Zircon. Each possesses a rich history, distinct geological origins, and symbolic meanings that have resonated across cultures for centuries. This article will explore the origins, significance, and characteristics of these three December 13th birthstones, drawing upon available historical and gemological information.
History and Lore
The association of gemstones with specific dates and months has ancient roots, stemming from astrological beliefs and the perceived influence of celestial bodies. While the tradition of formalized birthstones evolved over time, the practice of attributing powers and meanings to gemstones dates back millennia.
Turquoise, of the three, boasts the longest history of human appreciation. Ancient civilizations, including the Egyptians and Chinese, prized this opaque, blue-green stone for its beauty and perceived protective qualities.
Tanzanite, in contrast, is a relatively recent discovery, first identified in Tanzania in 1967. Despite its short history, it quickly gained recognition for its striking color and rarity. The name itself is a tribute to its country of origin.
Zircon, while also possessing a long history, has often been mistaken for other, more expensive gems due to its brilliance and clarity. Its diverse color palette has made it a valued gemstone across numerous cultures.
Geological Formation and Sources
The formation of each of these gemstones occurs under vastly different geological conditions. Turquoise is a secondary mineral, formed through the weathering of copper-rich rocks in arid regions. It is often found in association with copper deposits.
Tanzanite, a silicate mineral belonging to the zoisite family, is uniquely found in a small area near the Merelani Hills of northern Tanzania. Its distinctive blue-violet hue is attributed to the presence of trace amounts of vanadium. The limited geographic source contributes significantly to its rarity.
Zircon forms in igneous rocks during the cooling of magma. It can also be found in metamorphic rocks. Zircon occurs in a wide range of colors, including blue, brown, red, and colorless.
Gemological Properties
Each of these birthstones exhibits unique gemological properties that contribute to its appeal and value.
Tanzanite: This gemstone is known for its trichroism, meaning it displays three different colors – blue, violet, and burgundy – depending on the viewing angle. Its color can also vary based on lighting conditions, sometimes appearing greener.
Turquoise: Characterized by its opaque nature and varying shades of blue-green, turquoise is a hydrated phosphate of copper and aluminum. Its color is influenced by the presence of copper and iron.
Zircon: Zircon exhibits a high refractive index, contributing to its brilliance and fire. It can be found in a variety of colors, with blue zircon being particularly popular as a December birthstone.
A comparative overview of key properties is presented below:
| Gemstone | Chemical Formula | Color | Hardness (Mohs) | Transparency |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tanzanite | Ca2Al3(SiO4)3(OH) | Blue, Violet, Burgundy | 6.5 - 7 | Transparent to Translucent |
| Turquoise | CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O | Blue-Green | 5 - 6 | Opaque |
| Zircon | ZrSiO4 | Blue, Brown, Red, Colorless | 6.5 - 7.5 | Transparent to Opaque |
Symbolism and Metaphysical Beliefs
Throughout history, gemstones have been imbued with symbolic meanings and metaphysical properties.
Tanzanite is associated with spiritual enlightenment and transformation. It is believed to open and balance the third eye chakra, fostering a deeper connection to spiritual realms and encouraging personal growth. Some believe it can activate the throat, third-eye, and crown chakras, enabling psychic abilities and communication with higher dimensions.
Turquoise has long been considered a stone of protection, bringing good fortune, success, and happiness to its wearer.
Zircon, while less specifically defined in the provided sources regarding metaphysical properties, has been historically valued for its perceived ability to promote wisdom, prosperity, and honor.
Jewelry and Adornment
The unique characteristics of each gemstone lend themselves to various jewelry applications. Tanzanite’s vibrant color makes it a popular choice for earrings, necklaces, rings, and bracelets. Turquoise is often used in both traditional and contemporary jewelry designs, including pendants, earrings, and rings. Zircon’s brilliance makes it suitable for a wide range of settings, often used as a diamond substitute.
Care and Cleaning
Proper care is essential to maintain the beauty and longevity of these gemstones. Tanzanite, with a hardness of 6.5 to 7 on the Mohs scale, is relatively soft and susceptible to scratches. It should be cleaned with warm, soapy water and a soft brush. Turquoise, being even softer, requires gentle handling and should be protected from harsh chemicals and impacts. Zircon, with a hardness of 6.5 to 7.5, can be cleaned similarly to Tanzanite, avoiding ultrasonic cleaners and harsh chemicals.
December 13th and Beyond
The association of Tanzanite, Turquoise, and Zircon with December 13th offers a unique and multifaceted selection for those born on this date. While Turquoise has a long and storied past, Tanzanite represents a more recent discovery, and Zircon offers a timeless brilliance. Each gemstone carries its own distinct symbolism and geological origins, making them meaningful and beautiful choices for adornment and personal expression. The official color of December is blue, represented by all three of these gemstones.
Conclusion
Tanzanite, Turquoise, and Zircon represent a compelling trio of birthstones for those born on December 13th. From the ancient lore surrounding Turquoise to the modern allure of Tanzanite and the enduring brilliance of Zircon, these gemstones offer a rich tapestry of history, symbolism, and geological wonder. Their unique properties and captivating beauty continue to inspire and enchant gemstone enthusiasts and jewelry lovers alike.