March is a month rich in gemstone symbolism, offering not one, but several stones to represent those born within its span. While aquamarine and bloodstone are most frequently recognized as the official birthstones of March, alternative gems like jade and jasper also hold significance. This article delves into the history, geological origins, gemological properties, and lore surrounding these March birthstones, providing a comprehensive overview for enthusiasts and those seeking to understand the deeper meaning behind these captivating gems.
A Plethora of Choices: The Historical Context of March Birthstones
The abundance of birthstones associated with March stems from historical traditions surrounding Aaron’s breastplate, as described in biblical texts, and the foundation stones of New Jerusalem. Modern birthstone lists often draw inspiration from these ancient sources, resulting in a diverse selection for March babies. Beyond the traditional choices, variations exist based on guardian angel associations, zodiac signs, and special apostle designations, offering a personalized connection to the gems. The month itself is named after Mars, the Roman god of war, reflecting a time of renewed activity after the winter months, and a return to both campaigns and agricultural pursuits. This historical context imbues the March birthstones with a sense of renewal, strength, and protection.
Aquamarine: The Seawater Gem
Aquamarine, derived from the Latin “aqua marinus” meaning “water of the sea,” is perhaps the most well-known of the March birthstones. Belonging to the beryl family – which also includes emerald – aquamarine is prized for its serene hues ranging from pale green to a deep, slightly greenish blue. Historically, aquamarine was considered nearly as valuable as emerald, symbolizing purity and often chosen for engagement rings.
Geological Formation and Sources
Aquamarine forms in pegmatite veins and alluvial deposits. Significant sources include Brazil, Afghanistan, Kenya, Pakistan, and Russia. The gem’s clarity is a notable characteristic, often appearing free from inclusions and as clear as water.
Gemological Properties
Aquamarine’s properties contribute to its beauty and durability:
- Mineral Type: Beryl
- Colors: Aqua, pale green, pale blue
- Transparency: Typically transparent
Symbolism and Lore
Ancient mariners believed aquamarine could calm waves and ensure safe passage, while others attributed protective qualities against foes in battle and litigation. It was thought to promote happiness in marriage, constancy in love, and intellectual clarity. Romans dedicated the gem to Neptune, the god of freshwater and the sea, engraving images of his trident onto aquamarine stones for travelers seeking protection. Aquamarine was also favored by students and those requiring deep concentration, believed to stimulate intellect, intuition, and imagination.
Bloodstone: A Stone of Health and Courage
In stark contrast to the tranquil aquamarine, bloodstone presents a dramatic appearance. This opaque gemstone is typically a dark green cabochon speckled with red spots of iron oxide, resembling drops of blood – hence its name.
Geological Formation and Sources
Bloodstone is a combination of jasper and chalcedony, found in India, Australia, Brazil, the United States, and Madagascar. A yellow variety, colored only with yellow hues, is known as Plasma.
Gemological Properties
Bloodstone’s unique composition and appearance define its properties:
- Mineral Type: Combination of Jasper and Chalcedony
- Colors: Gray, blue-gray, red, aqua, with swirls of red and yellow
- Transparency: Typically opaque
Symbolism and Lore
For centuries, bloodstone has been associated with health and longevity. It was believed to strengthen the immune system, ward off colds and flus, and promote mental clarity, leading to sound decision-making. The stone was also thought to bring respect to the wearer and dispel sorrow, ushering in winds of change.
Jasper: The Supreme Nurturer
Jasper, often referred to as the “Supreme Nurturer,” is another March birthstone, though less commonly recognized than aquamarine and bloodstone. This variety of chalcedony exhibits a wide range of colors, including brown, clay, red-brown, and speckled combinations of red and brown.
Geological Formation and Sources
Jasper is found in India, Russia, Egypt, Madagascar, Brazil, Venezuela, and Australia.
Gemological Properties
- Mineral Type: Chalcedony
- Colors: Brown, clay, red-brown, speckled red and brown
Symbolism and Lore
Jasper is believed to balance yin and yang energies, promoting tranquility and resilience in the face of stress. Ancient cultures utilized jasper to increase fertility, and it is considered a grounding stone that fosters emotional balance.
Jade: A Stone of Spiritual Access
Jade, encompassing both nephrite and jadeite varieties, is also associated with March birthdays. Nephrite is composed of calcium and magnesium, while jadeite consists of aluminum and sodium. The most common color is green, but jade can also appear in shades of purple, lavender, creamy white, black, and brown.
Geological Formation and Sources
Jade is primarily sourced from China and the Pacific Rim.
Gemological Properties
- Mineral Type: Nephrite or Jadeite
- Colors: Most commonly green; also purple, lavender, creamy white, black, brown
Symbolism and Lore
Jade has been used for thousands of years in sculpting and is believed to provide access to the spiritual realm, enhancing mental clarity. Ancient cultures wore carved jade charms as protective talismans, and the stone is thought to increase love and nurturing.
Care and Cleaning of March Birthstones
The care required for each March birthstone varies based on its properties. Aquamarine, with a hardness suitable for everyday wear, can be cleaned with warm soapy water and a soft brush. Bloodstone and jasper, being somewhat more delicate, should be cleaned gently to avoid damaging their surfaces. Jade requires careful handling, as it can be susceptible to scratching. Avoid ultrasonic cleaners and harsh chemicals for all these gemstones.
Conclusion
The March birthstones – aquamarine, bloodstone, jasper, and jade – represent a diverse range of colors, origins, and symbolic meanings. From the calming serenity of aquamarine to the grounding energy of jasper, each gem offers a unique connection to the month of March and the promise of spring. Whether chosen for their aesthetic beauty, historical significance, or perceived metaphysical properties, these gemstones continue to captivate and inspire.