The practice of associating specific gemstones with each month of the year has a rich and enduring history, evolving from ancient traditions to the modern gifting practices seen today. While the origins trace back to the breastplate of Aaron, featuring twelve gemstones representing the tribes of Israel, the standardized list of birthstones as we recognize it today largely solidified between the 16th and 18th centuries, with a formalized list released by the National Association of Jewellers in 1912. This tradition imbues each stone with unique symbolism and purported benefits, making birthstone jewellery a popular and personal choice for gifts and self-expression. This article will explore the history of birthstones, focusing on those highlighted in available resources, and the role of retailers like H. Samuel in making these gems accessible to a wide audience.
A Historical Overview of Birthstone Tradition
The concept of linking gemstones to specific months is deeply rooted in historical and religious contexts. The earliest known connection is found in the biblical breastplate of Aaron, a ceremonial garment adorned with twelve gemstones, each representing one of the twelve tribes of Israel. This association established a link between gemstones and specific groups, laying the groundwork for later monthly attributions. The modern list of birthstones, however, is a more recent development. Sources indicate that the list originated in Poland during the 16th to 18th centuries, and underwent refinement until the National Association of Jewellers standardized the list in 1912.
Throughout history, gemstones have been believed to possess therapeutic powers and bring good luck to their wearers. These beliefs, steeped in myth and legend, continue to influence the appeal of birthstone jewellery. The stones are not merely decorative; they are considered to hold personal significance, offering a connection to the wearer’s birth month and its associated qualities.
Gemstones by Month: A Summary of Symbolism
The available resources detail the birthstones for several months, each carrying its own unique characteristics and symbolism.
January – Garnet: Commonly associated with the color red, garnets are widely available and are often considered “energizing” stones, believed to balance, strengthen, and protect the wearer.
February – Amethyst: This purple-hued stone is known for its scratch-resistant qualities. Historically, amethyst was believed to prevent drunkenness, but modern interpretations associate it with groundedness, tranquility, and calm.
March – Aquamarine: As its name suggests, aquamarine is a pale blue stone said to be relaxing and cleansing, inspiring truth and “letting go.”
April – Diamond: Considered one of the most precious substances on Earth, the diamond is associated with invincibility, a fitting attribute given its status as the hardest substance known.
May – Emerald: A dark green gem, emeralds are among the “big four” gems (along with rubies, diamonds, and sapphires). They are traditionally linked to truth and love, and also represent intuition.
June – Pearl: Unique among birthstones, pearls are derived from living creatures – marine oysters and freshwater mussels. They symbolize wisdom, integrity, loyalty, and are believed to strengthen relationships.
July – Ruby: Known for its signature red color and durability, the ruby is a pricier stone representing nobility, purity, and passion.
August – Peridot: This green stone, available in various shades, has been used in jewellery throughout history and is associated with strength, balance, peace, and rest.
September – Sapphire: Best known for its brilliant blue hue, as seen in Kate Middleton’s engagement ring, sapphires traditionally represent purity and chastity, though some associate them with wisdom.
October – Opal: Opals are unique for their pearlescent, metallic-like patterns. They are often considered lucky for those born in October, with some believing it is unlucky for others to wear them. They are associated with luck and magic.
November – Topaz: A variety of crystallized quartz, topaz comes in earthy hues ranging from deep red to orangey-brown. It is often referred to as the “stone of abundance,” believed to attract wealth and prosperity.
December – Turquoise: One of the oldest known stones, turquoise is characterized by its opaque blue color and has been used in decorative jewellery for thousands of years. It is often thought of as a stone of protection.
H. Samuel: A Legacy in Jewellery Retail
H. Samuel stands as a prominent figure in the United Kingdom and Ireland’s jewellery market. Established in 1890 in Preston, Lancashire, the company quickly expanded, opening stores in Rochdale and other locations, eventually establishing its head office in Birmingham in 1910. Today, H. Samuel operates over 300 shops across the UK, and is part of the Signet Group, which also owns Ernest Jones and Leslie Davis in the UK, as well as Sterling in the USA.
The retailer offers a wide array of jewellery, including engagement and wedding rings, watches, bracelets, earrings, and chains. Notably, H. Samuel’s website presents a more extensive product range than its physical stores. Brands available through H. Samuel include Rotary, Camilia, Citizen, Disney, and Swarovski, among others.
Purchasing Birthstone Jewellery: Options and Convenience
H. Samuel, along with other retailers like Pandora and Beaverbrooks, provides consumers with convenient access to birthstone jewellery. H. Samuel offers a comprehensive range of rings, pendants, bracelets, and earrings dedicated to each birthstone, and provides a helpful guide to assist customers in identifying their birthstone before browsing the available products.
H. Samuel offers various delivery options, including “click & collect” at over 300 stores, free standard delivery on orders between £49 and £499.99, and free express delivery on orders of £500 or more. Customers can also redeem voucher codes and coupons at checkout for additional discounts.
Care and Maintenance (Limited Information)
The provided sources do not offer specific care instructions for each birthstone. However, the mention of amethyst being “scratch-resistant” suggests that some gemstones are more durable than others. General jewellery care principles would apply, such as avoiding harsh chemicals and storing pieces individually to prevent scratching. Further research into the specific properties of each gemstone is recommended for optimal care.
Conclusion
The tradition of birthstone jewellery represents a fascinating intersection of history, mythology, and personal expression. From the ancient origins linked to the breastplate of Aaron to the modern gifting practices facilitated by retailers like H. Samuel, birthstones continue to hold a special place in the hearts of many. Each gemstone carries its own unique symbolism and purported benefits, making birthstone jewellery a meaningful and personal choice. While the provided sources offer a glimpse into this rich tradition, further exploration of each stone’s geological properties, historical context, and cultural significance would undoubtedly enhance one’s appreciation for these captivating gems.