December boasts a rich selection of birthstones, and for those born on the 11th, two gems hold particular significance: turquoise and tanzanite. Both stones carry unique histories, metaphysical properties, and aesthetic appeals, making December 11th a truly special day for gemstone enthusiasts. This article will explore the origins, characteristics, and symbolism of these captivating December birthstones.
History and Lore
Turquoise holds a prominent place as one of the oldest known gemstones, with evidence of its use dating back millennia. Archaeological discoveries in western Iran reveal turquoise artifacts in burial sites from as early as 7000 BCE. Ancient civilizations, including those in Egypt and China, highly valued this gem. Ancient Egyptians considered turquoise a holy stone, associating it with good luck, fertility, and the goddess Hathor. They fashioned it into amulets, beads, and other small objects. In ancient China, turquoise was carved over 3,000 years ago, demonstrating its enduring appeal across cultures. Turquoise was officially named a December birthstone by the American National Association of Jewelers in 1912, solidifying its place in modern birthstone traditions. Native American cultures also revered turquoise, viewing its color as a gift from the sky.
Tanzanite, in contrast, is a relatively recent discovery. Found in the foothills of Mount Kilimanjaro in Tanzania, it quickly gained prominence in the jewelry world for its captivating hues. While not as deeply rooted in ancient history as turquoise, tanzanite has rapidly become a coveted gemstone, particularly for those born in December.
Geological Formation and Sources
Turquoise is a secondary mineral, meaning it forms from the alteration of other minerals. It is typically found in arid regions, forming in volcanic rocks and sedimentary deposits. Significant sources of turquoise include the southwestern United States, particularly Arizona and California, as well as Iran, China, and Mexico. The gem’s color can vary depending on the presence of trace elements, ranging from blue to green, often exhibiting distinctive matrix patterns – veins of the surrounding rock within the stone. Turquoise has a Mohs hardness rating of 5 to 6.
Tanzanite, uniquely, is found in only one known location: a small area near Mount Kilimanjaro in Tanzania. This limited source contributes to its rarity and value. It is a trichroic gemstone, meaning it displays three different colors – blue, violet, and burgundy – depending on the viewing angle and lighting conditions.
Gemological Properties
Turquoise is a semi-translucent to opaque gem. Its chemical composition is copper aluminum phosphate hydroxide. The color ranges from blue to green, and the presence of matrix can create unique patterns. As noted, its Mohs hardness is 5 to 6, making it relatively soft and susceptible to scratching.
Tanzanite, a calcium aluminum silicate, exhibits a remarkable pleochroism, displaying different colors depending on the viewing angle. Its color is typically a deep blue or violet, and it boasts a hardness of 6.5 to 7 on the Mohs scale, making it more durable than turquoise. Tanzanite’s unique color and limited source contribute to its desirability.
The following table summarizes key gemological properties:
| Gemstone | Chemical Composition | Hardness (Mohs) | Color | Transparency |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Turquoise | Copper Aluminum Phosphate Hydroxide | 5-6 | Blue to Green | Semi-translucent to Opaque |
| Tanzanite | Calcium Aluminum Silicate | 6.5-7 | Blue, Violet, Burgundy | Transparent to Translucent |
Symbolism and Metaphysical Beliefs
Throughout history, turquoise has been associated with health, good luck, and protection. Ancient Egyptians believed it brought joy and improved a warrior’s accuracy. Native Americans considered it a sacred stone, a gift from the sky. Turquoise is also linked to the zodiac sign Sagittarius.
Tanzanite is believed to stimulate intuition and enhance psychic abilities. Its association with Sagittarius aligns with the sign’s adventurous spirit and optimistic outlook. The gem is considered a talisman for those seeking personal transformation and spiritual growth.
December Birthstone Variety
December is unique in having multiple birthstones – zircon, topaz, tanzanite, lapis lazuli, and turquoise – offering a diverse range of choices in color, price, and personal meaning. The inclusion of multiple stones caters to different tastes and histories, providing a wider selection for those born in this month. Blue zircon and blue topaz represent the chill of winter, while tanzanite and turquoise offer distinct and vibrant alternatives.
Astrological Connections
Individuals born on December 11th are under the zodiac sign Sagittarius. Sagittarians are known for being open-minded and active. Topaz is associated with love and affection, while citrine embodies the Sagittarius spirit. The gemstones for Thursday, carnelian and sapphire, also hold significance. Amethyst is linked to those born at 8 am.
Care and Cleaning
Due to its relatively low hardness, turquoise requires careful handling. It is susceptible to scratching and can be damaged by harsh chemicals or ultrasonic cleaners. Cleaning turquoise jewelry should be done gently with a soft cloth and mild soapy water. Avoid prolonged exposure to sunlight or extreme temperatures.
Tanzanite, with its higher hardness, is more durable but still requires care. It can be cleaned with warm, soapy water and a soft brush. Avoid ultrasonic cleaners and harsh chemicals, as they may damage the stone. Regular cleaning will help maintain its brilliance.
Conclusion
The December 11th birthstones, turquoise and tanzanite, represent a captivating blend of ancient tradition and modern discovery. Turquoise, with its millennia-old history and association with various cultures, embodies protection, good luck, and spiritual connection. Tanzanite, a more recent find, captivates with its unique color and rarity, symbolizing transformation and intuition. Both gemstones offer a beautiful and meaningful way to celebrate those born on this special day, reflecting the richness and diversity of the December birthstone palette.