December is unique among the months, boasting not one, but five recognized birthstones: zircon, topaz, tanzanite, lapis lazuli, and turquoise. This abundance offers a diverse range of colors, histories, and metaphysical properties for those born in the twelfth month of the year. These gemstones, both traditional and modern, reflect the chill of winter and offer a vibrant spectrum of choices for personal meaning and aesthetic preference.
History and Lore
The tradition of associating gemstones with specific months dates back to ancient times, with roots in medieval practices and biblical connections. These colored gems were not merely decorative; they were believed to be blessed, imbuing the wearer with specific powers and protection. The practice of wearing birthstones wasn’t a fleeting fashion trend, but a deeply ingrained custom spanning centuries.
Turquoise, for example, has a particularly long and storied history. Ancient Egyptians, including pharaohs, adorned themselves with turquoise, while Chinese artisans were carving the stone over 3,000 years ago. Throughout history, turquoise was thought to guarantee health and good fortune. From the 13th century onward, it was believed to protect against falls, particularly from horses, and even to warn of impending disaster by breaking into pieces. Hindu mystics believed that viewing turquoise after a new moon would bring immense wealth.
Lapis lazuli also carries a weight of historical significance, being associated with wisdom and royalty due to its deep azure tones. In ancient civilizations, it was considered a stone of truth and enlightenment, believed to enhance intellectual abilities and inspire a quest for knowledge.
Geological Formation and Sources
While the sources do not detail the specific geological processes for each stone, they highlight the unique origin of tanzanite. This gemstone is exceptionally rare, found in only one area near Mount Kilimanjaro in Tanzania. The limited source contributes to its high value and desirability. The sources do not provide specific mining locations for zircon, topaz, lapis lazuli, or turquoise beyond their general historical use in Egypt, China, and by Native American tribes.
Gemological Properties
December’s birthstones exhibit a wide range of gemological properties. Zircon is celebrated for its brilliant fire and rainbow of colors, making it one of the oldest minerals on Earth. Topaz is known for its calm, serene colors, particularly in its blue varieties. Tanzanite is prized for its unique blue to violet color and a phenomenon called pleochroism, where the stone displays different colors when viewed from different angles. Turquoise is a semi-translucent to opaque gem, ranging in color from blue to green, often displaying veins of matrix – remnants of the rock in which it formed. Lapis lazuli is characterized by its deep blue color, often flecked with golden pyrite.
The sources do not provide detailed chemical formulas, refractive indices, or hardness values for these stones. However, they do categorize turquoise as a semi-translucent to opaque gem.
Symbolism and Metaphysical Beliefs
Each of December’s birthstones carries its own symbolic weight. Turquoise, with its captivating blue-green hues, is believed to bring tranquility and positive energy. It is often considered a talisman for protection and a symbol of good fortune, instilling inner calm and fostering creativity. Lapis lazuli resonates with those seeking inner wisdom and a connection to higher consciousness, its rich blue color evoking the vastness of the night sky and offering a sense of serenity.
Zircon is associated with prosperity and wisdom, while topaz symbolizes love and affection. Tanzanite, with its deep blue-violet color, is synonymous with wisdom, peace, and inner strength. These stones are believed to reflect the wearer’s personality and connect them to historical and cultural narratives.
Care and Cleaning
The sources offer limited guidance on the care and cleaning of December birthstones, but suggest following simple instructions to maintain their beauty and vibrancy over time. Given the varying hardness and composition of the stones, specific care requirements would depend on the individual gemstone.
Modern and Traditional Choices
December offers a choice between traditional and modern birthstones. The traditional birthstones are turquoise and lapis lazuli, each holding unique significance and charm. The modern birthstones are blue zircon, blue topaz, and tanzanite, offering a variety of color shades, properties, and a diamond-like appearance. These modern stones are often mined from the earth in a similar manner to raw diamonds, and can command comparable prices.
A Closer Look at Individual Stones
Turquoise: Revered for centuries across various cultures, turquoise is often seen as a talisman for protection and a symbol of good fortune. Its vibrant color mirrors wintry landscapes, adding a touch of warmth and optimism.
Lapis Lazuli: Historically prized for its deep blue color adorned with golden pyrite flecks, lapis lazuli has been associated with royalty and spirituality. It has been used in art, jewelry, and spiritual practices, contributing to its esteemed status.
Zircon: Celebrated for its brilliant fire and rainbow of colors, zircon is one of the oldest minerals on Earth, giving it significant historical and geological value.
Topaz: Well-known for its calm, serene colors, blue topaz is a popular choice for those seeking a tranquil and elegant gemstone.
Tanzanite: Highly prized for its unique blue to violet color and rarity, tanzanite is found exclusively near Mount Kilimanjaro in Tanzania. Its pleochroism – displaying different colors from different angles – adds to its allure.
Purchasing Considerations
The sources emphasize the importance of careful research and consultation with experts when purchasing December birthstones. Ensuring quality and authenticity is crucial, as is understanding the unique traits of each gemstone to provide thoughtful handling and care.
Conclusion
December’s birthstones—zircon, topaz, tanzanite, lapis lazuli, and turquoise—offer a rich mix of history and symbolism, making each unique for those born in this month. These stones are more than just beautiful; they reflect the wearer's personality and bring a variety of cultural significances. When choosing between these gemstones, December’s stones stand out with their vibrant colors and deep cultural roots, providing a distinct way to express individuality.