For those born on September 2nd, the sapphire stands as a primary birthstone, a gem steeped in history, symbolism, and geological significance. Revered for its captivating blue hue and exceptional durability, the sapphire has held a place of prominence in cultures worldwide for millennia. This article will explore the multifaceted nature of the September 2nd birthstone, delving into its historical context, geological origins, gemological properties, and enduring appeal.
History and Lore
The sapphire’s history is interwoven with tales of royalty, spirituality, and protection. Ancient civilizations, including those of Greece and Rome, held the blue sapphire in high esteem, believing it shielded wearers from harm and envy. For the elite in these societies, possessing a sapphire was not merely a display of wealth but a safeguard against misfortune. In the Middle Ages, sapphire held a sacred place within the clergy, symbolizing Heaven and representing faith and piety. Ancient Persian lore even posited that the earth rested upon a colossal sapphire, imbuing the sky with its characteristic blue color.
Beyond its association with the divine, the sapphire was also attributed with healing properties. Medieval Europeans believed the gemstone could cure plague boils and alleviate eye ailments, functioning as an antidote to poison. This belief in its medicinal power further cemented its value and desirability. The enduring symbolism of sincerity, truth, faithfulness, and nobility has accompanied the sapphire throughout history, making it a gemstone of profound meaning.
Geological Formation and Sources
Sapphire, a variety of the mineral corundum (chemical formula Al₂O₃), is renowned for its hardness, ranking 9 on the Mohs scale – second only to diamond. While most commonly recognized for its blue coloration, sapphires actually occur in a spectrum of hues, including pink, yellow, green, violet, and even black, with red corundum being classified as ruby.
The formation of sapphires is a complex geological process, typically occurring in metamorphic and igneous rocks. These gems are often found in alluvial deposits, having been weathered from their original host rocks and transported by water. Major sources of sapphire include Sri Lanka, Madagascar, Myanmar (Burma), Thailand, and Australia. Notably, sapphires are also mined in Montana, USA, contributing to a domestic source of this prized gemstone.
Gemological Properties
The defining characteristic of sapphire is its exceptional hardness, making it a durable choice for everyday wear. The classic and most sought-after color is a deep “royal” blue, though the intensity and saturation of the color can vary significantly, impacting the gem’s value. The presence of trace elements, such as iron and titanium, is responsible for the blue hues. Other colors arise from different trace elements; for example, iron and titanium can also create violet hues, while chromium can produce pink shades.
Sapphires are assessed using the “4Cs” – color, clarity, cut, and carat weight. Color is arguably the most important factor, with vibrant, saturated blues commanding the highest prices. Clarity refers to the absence of inclusions, though some inclusions can be tolerated, and even serve as proof of the gem’s natural origin. Cut refers to the proportions, symmetry, and polish of the gemstone, maximizing its brilliance and fire. Carat weight, measured in metric carats, determines the gem’s size.
| Property | Details |
|---|---|
| Mineral | Corundum (Al₂O₃) |
| Hardness | 9 on the Mohs scale |
| Classic Color | Deep “royal” blue |
| Other Hues | Pink, yellow, green, violet, black, color-change |
| Major Sources | Sri Lanka, Madagascar, Myanmar, Thailand, Australia, Montana (USA) |
Alternative September Birthstones
While sapphire is the traditional and most widely recognized September birthstone, Lapis Lazuli serves as an alternative. Unlike sapphire, which is a single crystal, Lapis Lazuli is a metamorphic rock composed of lazurite, pyrite, and calcite. Its deep blue color, often flecked with golden pyrite, has been prized for centuries. Lapis Lazuli has been mined in Afghanistan for over 6000 years and is also sourced from Italy, Russia, Argentina, Chile, Canada, and the USA. Due to its composition, Lapis Lazuli is generally more affordable than sapphire, offering a beautiful and accessible option for September birthdays.
Symbolism and Metaphysical Beliefs
The sapphire’s symbolism extends beyond its historical associations. It is often linked to truth, sincerity, constancy, and purity of the soul. This symbolism makes it a fitting gift for celebrating significant milestones, such as the 5th and 45th wedding anniversaries, with Star Sapphire traditionally given for the 65th anniversary.
The association with wisdom and loyalty further enhances the sapphire’s appeal. It is believed to promote clarity of thought, artistic creativity, and emotional balance. Some believe that sapphires can foster inner peace and encourage self-expression. Lapis Lazuli, as an alternative birthstone, is also imbued with symbolic meaning, representing wisdom, truth, and intuition. It is believed to enhance intellectual abilities and promote spiritual growth.
Care and Cleaning
Due to its exceptional hardness, sapphire is a relatively durable gemstone. However, it is still susceptible to damage from sharp blows or abrasive materials. To maintain its brilliance, sapphires should be cleaned regularly with warm, soapy water and a soft brush. Avoid harsh chemicals or ultrasonic cleaners, as these can potentially damage the gemstone. Lapis Lazuli, being a softer material, requires more delicate care. It should be cleaned with a soft, damp cloth and avoid prolonged exposure to water or harsh chemicals.
September and the Zodiac
The month of September is associated with two zodiac signs: Virgo (August 23 – September 22) and Libra (September 23 – October 22). Sapphire is considered a birthstone for Virgo, while Lapis Lazuli is associated with Libra. For those born under Virgo, the sapphire is believed to complement their hardworking and empathetic nature, fostering motivation and creativity. For Libras, Lapis Lazuli is thought to enhance their sense of balance and harmony.
Conclusion
The sapphire remains a captivating and highly valued gemstone, embodying a rich history, profound symbolism, and exceptional beauty. As the primary birthstone for September 2nd, it represents truth, nobility, and enduring strength. Whether admired for its vibrant blue hue, its geological origins, or its spiritual significance, the sapphire continues to enchant and inspire, solidifying its place as one of the world’s most cherished gemstones. Its durability and timeless appeal ensure that it will remain a treasured possession for generations to come.