March is unique among the months, possessing two officially recognized birthstones: aquamarine and bloodstone. This duality reflects the evolving history of birthstone traditions, shaped by cultural influences and practical considerations over centuries. While aquamarine has risen to prominence as the more widely recognized modern March birthstone, bloodstone retains a significant historical and symbolic connection to the month. Both gemstones offer compelling options for those born in March, each with a distinct appearance and a fascinating legacy.
A History of Shared Significance
Historically, bloodstone was the sole birthstone associated with March. This connection stems from the month’s namesake, Mars, the Roman god of war. Ancient warriors and travelers utilized bloodstone for its perceived protective properties. The association with Mars and the onset of the campaigning season after winter’s pause solidified bloodstone’s place as the traditional March gem. However, as availability of bloodstone decreased, and consumer demand shifted, aquamarine was added to the list of March birthstones, a change facilitated by the National Association of Jewellers. Today, both stones are acknowledged, with aquamarine often favored in contemporary jewelry and commercial markets. The inclusion of two stones provides options for those seeking a birthstone that resonates with their personal preferences.
Geological Origins and Sources
Aquamarine, a variety of the mineral beryl, derives its name from the Latin words “aqua” (water) and “marina” (sea), aptly describing its color range. The gem is found in various locations worldwide, with Brazil being a primary source. Additional sources include Nigeria, Madagascar, Zambia, Pakistan, and Mozambique. Within the United States, aquamarine can be found in Riverside and San Diego counties in California, and Colorado, which has designated it as the state gemstone.
Bloodstone, conversely, is a dark-green jasper containing red spots of iron oxide, often referred to as the “blood” of the stone. Specific geological information regarding bloodstone sources is less detailed in the provided materials, but its historical use suggests widespread availability in ancient times.
Gemological Properties: A Study in Contrasts
Aquamarine and bloodstone present a striking contrast in their gemological properties. Aquamarine typically exhibits a clear, transparent quality, ranging in color from a greenish-blue to a light, slightly greenish-blue. Larger aquamarines often display a more intense color. Its name is a direct reference to its sea-like hues.
Bloodstone, on the other hand, is generally opaque, characterized by a deep forest-green base speckled with crimson inclusions of iron oxide. This distinctive appearance contributes to its name and symbolic associations.
The provided sources do not include detailed gemological data such as refractive index, specific gravity, or chemical formulas for either stone. However, they do highlight the visual differences in color and transparency as key distinguishing features.
Here's a table summarizing the key visual differences:
| Feature | Aquamarine | Bloodstone |
|---|---|---|
| Color | Light blue to greenish-blue | Dark green with red spots |
| Transparency | Transparent | Opaque |
Symbolism and Metaphysical Beliefs
Throughout history, both aquamarine and bloodstone have been imbued with symbolic meaning and metaphysical beliefs. Aquamarine has long been linked to water and the sea, with ancient mariners believing it could calm waves and ensure safe voyages. Roman fishermen used aquamarine for protection, hoping for luck in their catches. Beyond seafaring, aquamarine was valued by Sumerians, Egyptians, Hebrews, and Greeks, who engraved designs into the gemstones. Roman physicians even employed aquamarine to treat ailments like overeating and bloating. The stone’s association with the apostle St. Thomas, a frequent traveler by boat, further cemented its connection to safe journeys.
Bloodstone’s symbolism is deeply rooted in its appearance. The red spots within the green jasper were historically interpreted as the blood of Christ, leading to its association with sacrifice, courage, and vitality. Its connection to the Roman god of war, Mars, also imbued it with protective qualities, particularly for warriors and travelers.
Modern Significance and Choosing a March Birthstone
The choice between aquamarine and bloodstone as a March birthstone is largely a matter of personal preference. Aquamarine’s serene blue hues evoke feelings of tranquility and clarity, making it a popular choice for those seeking a calming and aesthetically pleasing gemstone. Its association with the sea and safe travels adds to its appeal.
Bloodstone, with its bold green and red coloration, offers a more grounding and energetic presence. Its historical connection to courage and vitality resonates with those seeking strength and resilience.
The availability of both stones also plays a role in consumer choice. Aquamarine’s increased accessibility has contributed to its prominence in the modern birthstone market. However, bloodstone remains a meaningful option for those drawn to its unique appearance and historical significance.
Care and Cleaning
Maintaining the beauty of March birthstones requires specific care tailored to their individual properties. The provided sources offer limited detail on this topic, but general gemstone care principles apply.
Aquamarine, being a beryl, is relatively durable but can still be susceptible to scratches and damage from harsh chemicals. Cleaning aquamarine jewelry can be achieved with warm, soapy water and a soft brush. Avoid ultrasonic cleaners and steam cleaners, as these can potentially damage the stone.
Bloodstone, being a jasper, is relatively hard but can be porous. Cleaning bloodstone jewelry should also be done with warm, soapy water and a soft brush. Avoid harsh chemicals and abrasive cleaners, as these can dull the stone’s surface.
The Evolving Birthstone Calendar
The existence of two birthstones for March highlights the dynamic nature of the birthstone calendar. Originally, birthstones were chosen primarily for their color. However, with advancements in gemological knowledge and changes in economic and cultural preferences, the list of birthstones has evolved over time. Organizations like the National Association of Jewellers play a role in adjusting the calendar to reflect these changes, ensuring that consumers have a variety of options when selecting birthstone jewelry. The addition of aquamarine to March’s birthstone collection demonstrates this ongoing process of adaptation and refinement.
Conclusion
Aquamarine and bloodstone represent a unique duality within the birthstone calendar. While aquamarine has become the more widely recognized March birthstone, bloodstone retains a significant historical and symbolic connection to the month. Both gemstones offer distinct aesthetic qualities and rich legacies, providing March-born individuals with a choice that reflects their personal preferences and values. The story of March’s birthstones is a testament to the enduring power of gemstones to captivate, inspire, and connect us to the past.