December is a unique month in the world of gemstones, distinguished by having not one, but four official birthstones: Blue Topaz, Turquoise, Tanzanite, and Zircon. Additionally, Lapis Lazuli is noted as a traditional gem for December. Each of these gems possesses a distinct color, history, and symbolic meaning, making December an extraordinary month for gemstone enthusiasts. This article will delve into the characteristics of each of these December birthstones, exploring their origins, properties, and cultural significance.
A History of December’s Choices
The tradition of associating specific gemstones with months of the year dates back to ancient times, with roots in biblical references and early cultural practices. Some lists of birthstones are based on the gemstones from Aaron’s breastplate or the foundation of New Jerusalem as described in the Bible. Over time, different cultures and gemological societies have established varying lists, leading to the multiple options available for December. Turquoise and Zircon have long been considered primary birthstones for the month, their blue hues reflecting the winter season. The addition of Topaz and Tanzanite broadened the selection, offering a wider range of choices in color, price, and personal meaning.
Blue Topaz: Clarity and Communication
Blue Topaz is a contemporary choice for December, valued for its clear communication and vibrant color. It boasts a high scratch resistance, registering an 8 on the Mohs hardness scale, making it suitable for everyday wear in rings, bracelets, and other jewelry. Topaz is often associated with Sagittarius (November 23 – December 21) as a Zodiac birthstone. The gem is known for its calm, serene colors, and its durability makes it a popular choice for jewelry.
Turquoise: A Stone of Protection and Peace
Turquoise holds a long and storied history, with ties to ancient traditions of protection and peace. The name “Turquoise” originates from the French phrase “pierre turquoise,” meaning “stone of Turkey,” as the stone was initially brought to Europe through Turkish bazaars. As a traditional December birthstone, Turquoise symbolizes success, happiness, and prosperity. Its blue-green color is highly sought after, and it continues to be a popular choice for jewelry and ornamental objects.
Tanzanite: Transformation and Spirituality
Tanzanite is a relatively recent discovery, found only in the 20th century near Mount Kilimanjaro in Tanzania. This unique origin contributes to its rarity and value. Tanzanite is prized for its distinctive blue to violet color and is associated with deep transformation and spiritual awareness. Its limited source makes it a particularly desirable gemstone.
Zircon: Wisdom and Ancient Origins
Zircon is one of the oldest minerals found on Earth, symbolizing wisdom and prosperity. Celebrated for its brilliant fire and rainbow of colors, Zircon offers a wonderful clarity and color range. It is considered a main birthstone for December, alongside Turquoise, and represents the chill of winter with its blue tones. Zircon’s historical and geological value are significant, stemming from its ancient origins.
Gemological Properties: A Comparative Overview
Each of December’s birthstones possesses unique gemological properties. While a detailed analysis of each would require extensive data beyond the provided sources, a general overview can be presented.
| Gemstone | Hardness (Mohs) | Color(s) | Notable Properties |
|---|---|---|---|
| Blue Topaz | 8 | Blue | High scratch resistance, clarity |
| Turquoise | 5-6 | Blue-Green | Opaque, often with matrix inclusions |
| Tanzanite | 6.5-7 | Blue-Violet | Pleochroism (displays different colors from angles) |
| Zircon | 6.5-7.5 | Colorless to Brown, Blue | High refractive index, brilliance |
Symbolism and Metaphysical Beliefs
Throughout history, each of these gemstones has been attributed with various symbolic meanings and metaphysical properties. December’s birthstones are believed to offer a variety of benefits to those born in this month. Turquoise is associated with success and happiness, while Tanzanite is linked to transformation and spiritual awareness. Zircon symbolizes wisdom and prosperity, and Blue Topaz is believed to promote clear communication. These stones are often worn not only for their aesthetic appeal but also for their perceived ability to influence the wearer’s life positively.
Care and Cleaning
Proper care is essential to maintain the beauty and vibrancy of December’s birthstones. Blue Topaz, with its high hardness, is relatively durable and can withstand regular wear. Turquoise, being a softer stone, requires more gentle handling to avoid scratches. Tanzanite and Zircon, while possessing good hardness, can be susceptible to damage from harsh chemicals or extreme temperatures.
Generally, cleaning these gemstones can be achieved with warm, soapy water and a soft brush. Avoid ultrasonic cleaners and harsh chemicals, especially for Turquoise, as they can damage the stone. Regular cleaning and careful storage will help ensure that these gemstones remain beautiful for years to come.
The Expanding List of December Gems
While Turquoise, Zircon, Tanzanite, and Blue Topaz are the most commonly recognized December birthstones, other gems are sometimes associated with the month. These include Beryl, Sapphire, Emerald, and Chalcedony. These additions reflect the diverse interpretations of birthstone lists throughout history and offer even more choices for those seeking a gemstone with special meaning. Lapis Lazuli is also noted as a traditional gem for December.
Choosing the Right December Birthstone
The abundance of choices for December birthstones allows individuals to select a gem that resonates with their personality, aesthetic preferences, or desired symbolism. Whether one prefers the clarity of Blue Topaz, the protective energy of Turquoise, the transformative power of Tanzanite, or the ancient wisdom of Zircon, there is a December birthstone to suit every taste. The decision is ultimately a personal one, guided by individual connection and preference.
Conclusion
December’s birthstones—Zircon, Topaz, Tanzanite, Lapis Lazuli, and Turquoise—offer a rich mix of history and symbolism, making each unique for those born in this month. These stones are more than just beautiful; they reflect the wearer's personality and bring a variety of cultural significances. When choosing between these gemstones, December’s stones stand out with their vibrant colors and deep cultural roots, providing a distinct way to express individuality. Careful research and consultation with experts are recommended when purchasing these gemstones to ensure quality and authenticity. Their unique traits demand thoughtful handling and care to maintain their beauty over time.