Tanzanite, alongside turquoise and zircon, is recognized as a birthstone for those born on December 24th. This relatively recent discovery, unearthed in Tanzania in 1967, has quickly gained prominence as a captivating gemstone associated with prosperity, protection, and transformation. Its unique blue-violet hue and limited geographical origin contribute to its allure and perceived exclusivity. This article will explore the history, geological origins, gemological properties, symbolism, and care of this remarkable gem.
History and Lore
Prior to 1967, the mineral zoisite was known, but the vibrant blue-purple variety now known as tanzanite remained undiscovered. The story of its discovery is interwoven with local Maasai legend. According to the Maasai, the ground was struck by lightning, turning the surrounding rocks a shimmering blue. The Maasai tribe traditionally gifted tanzanite upon the birth of a baby, believing it symbolized health, well-being, and wealth.
The gem’s official naming occurred after its introduction to the gem market by Tiffany & Co., who recognized its potential and named it after its country of origin, Tanzania. The American Gem Trade Association officially added tanzanite as a December birthstone in 2002, further solidifying its place in modern gemological tradition. It is also associated with the 8th and 24th wedding anniversaries.
Geological Formation and Sources
Tanzanite is an exceptionally rare gemstone, found in only one location worldwide: the Merelani Hills of northern Tanzania, near the foothills of Mount Kilimanjaro. This limited geographical source significantly contributes to its value and desirability. The blue-purple color is a result of trace amounts of vanadium combined with intense heat during the stone’s formation.
The gem is a blue-green variety of the mineral zoisite, a calcium aluminum silicate. The unique geological conditions in the Merelani Hills are responsible for the presence of vanadium and the necessary heat treatment, making tanzanite a truly unique and geographically specific gemstone.
Gemological Properties
Tanzanite is renowned for its captivating blue-violet hue, which can range from deep indigo to light lavender. This mesmerizing color is a key aspect of its appeal. Gemologists evaluate tanzanite color using a grading system, with the most desirable color being a vivid, intense blue-violet, free from any gray or brown undertones. The saturation and depth of color significantly impact the gem’s quality and value.
The gemstone exhibits pleochroism, meaning it displays different colors when viewed from different angles. This characteristic adds to its visual complexity and appeal. Tanzanite’s color can also appear to change under different lighting conditions.
While specific hardness and chemical composition data are not provided in the sources, it is noted that tanzanite is prone to scratching and requires careful handling. It is also noted that tanzanite has historically been believed to strengthen the immune system, detoxify blood, and regenerate cells, skin, and hair.
Here's a table summarizing the key color characteristics:
| Characteristic | Description |
|---|---|
| Hue | Blue-violet, ranging from deep indigo to light lavender |
| Desirable Color | Vivid, intense blue-violet, free from gray or brown |
| Pleochroism | Displays different colors from different angles |
| Color Change | May appear to change under different lighting |
Symbolism and Metaphysical Beliefs
Tanzanite is often associated with prosperity and protection. Some cultures believe that wearing tanzanite can bring good fortune and ward off negative energies. Its rarity and limited source contribute to its perceived exclusivity and allure.
Historically, tanzanite has been linked to new beginnings, transformation, beauty, intuition, psychic abilities, raising consciousness, dissolving old patterns and habits, health, well-being, and prosperity. It is believed to facilitate a connection between the physical and spiritual realms.
Care and Cleaning
Due to its relative softness, tanzanite requires careful handling to avoid scratches. It is advisable to avoid sudden or extreme temperature changes, as well as exposure to harsh chemicals, steam cleaners, and ultrasonic cleaners. The recommended cleaning method involves using a soft brush, warm soapy water, and drying with a soft cloth.
Capricorn and the December 24th Individual
Individuals born on December 24th are Capricorns, known for being stable, trustworthy, and ambitious. However, they can also be overly stiff and struggle with accepting limitations, sometimes leading to overwork and burnout. Tanzanite, with its association with transformation and new beginnings, may serve as a reminder for these individuals to embrace flexibility and prioritize self-care.
These Capricorns are ambitious and driven, but need to learn to relax and take care of themselves. The calming energy of tanzanite may help to balance their driven nature and promote a sense of inner peace.
Tanzanite in Jewelry
Tanzanite’s blue-violet hue complements a variety of metals, making it a versatile gemstone for jewelry design. White metals, such as platinum and white gold, enhance the gem’s cool tones, while yellow gold can create a striking contrast. Tanzanite is popular in both classic and contemporary jewelry designs, showcasing its ability to harmonize with various styles.
Conclusion
Tanzanite stands as a captivating and relatively recent addition to the world of gemstones. Its unique geological origin, stunning blue-violet hue, and associations with prosperity and transformation make it a highly sought-after gem, particularly for those born on December 24th. Its limited availability and growing popularity ensure its continued significance in the gemological landscape. The gem’s story, from its Maasai origins to its modern recognition as a December birthstone, exemplifies the enduring allure and mystique of the natural world.