December boasts a remarkable array of birthstones – zircon, topaz, tanzanite, lapis lazuli, and turquoise – offering a diverse selection of color, history, and metaphysical properties for those born in the final month of the year. This abundance provides a unique opportunity for individuals to select a gem that resonates with their personal tastes and beliefs. While turquoise and zircon have historically held prominence as December birthstones, modern lists have expanded to include blue topaz and, more recently, tanzanite, reflecting evolving preferences and discoveries within the gemological world.
A History of December’s Gems
The tradition of associating specific gemstones with each month dates back to ancient times, with roots in medieval practices and biblical connections. These colored gems were believed to bestow blessings upon those who wore them, adorning rings, pendants, and other jewelry. The practice isn’t a recent fashion trend, but a tradition deeply embedded in human history. Prior to the 20th century, ruby was also associated with December, believed to sharpen the mind and encourage courtly love.
Lapis lazuli held a significant place as a December birthstone before the mid-20th century, revered for its deep blue hue and association with royalty and spirituality. Turquoise, similarly, has been cherished for centuries, from adorning ancient Egyptian pharaohs to being utilized in ceremonial jewelry by Native American tribes. These traditional gems continue to hold appeal for their rich histories and perceived mystical properties.
A significant shift occurred in 1952 when zircon officially replaced lapis lazuli as a recognized December birthstone. More recently, in 2002, tanzanite was added to the list of December birthstones in the United States, acknowledging its growing popularity and unique qualities. This expansion reflects the ongoing evolution of birthstone lists and the inclusion of newly discovered or increasingly appreciated gemstones.
Geological Origins and Sources
The origins of these December birthstones are geographically diverse. Turquoise, as its name suggests, has a long and storied history, with sources spanning the globe. Lapis lazuli, historically prized for its intense blue color, has been sourced from regions renowned for their mineral wealth.
Zircon is one of the oldest minerals on Earth, found in a variety of geological settings. Blue zircon, frequently considered a December birthstone, is valued for its brilliance and range of colors. Topaz, another December birthstone, is also found in various locations, with blue topaz being particularly well-known for its serene color.
Tanzanite, however, is exceptionally unique in its origin. It is found in only one location worldwide: near Mount Kilimanjaro in Tanzania. This limited source contributes to its rarity and desirability. The discovery of tanzanite was relatively recent, occurring in 1967, meaning its historical lore is less extensive than that of older, more established gemstones.
Gemological Properties
Each of December’s birthstones possesses distinct gemological properties that contribute to its unique appeal.
Zircon is celebrated for its brilliant fire and rainbow of colors.
Blue Topaz is known for its calm, serene colors.
Tanzanite displays a captivating blue to violet color, a result of its unique chemical composition and pleochroism – the ability to display different colors when viewed from different angles.
Turquoise is recognized for its striking blue-green hues, often containing veins of matrix (other minerals) that contribute to its character.
Lapis Lazuli is characterized by its deep blue color, often flecked with golden pyrite inclusions.
While a comprehensive gemological profile for each stone requires detailed analysis beyond the scope of available sources, these key characteristics highlight the diversity within December’s birthstone selection. A table summarizing key properties, if available from more detailed sources, would be beneficial for a deeper understanding.
Symbolism and Metaphysical Beliefs
Throughout history, each of these gemstones has been attributed with various symbolic meanings and metaphysical properties. Turquoise, for example, has long been considered a talisman of protection, prosperity, and luck. Ancient shamans valued it for these qualities. Lapis lazuli, historically associated with royalty and artists, is believed to promote self-mastery and provide protection, clearing the mind and offering stress relief.
Zircon is thought to encourage joy and emotional balance. Blue topaz is believed to stimulate self-esteem and the ability to learn, aligning meridians and calming emotions. Tanzanite is considered a protective and soothing stone, facilitating the sharing of spiritual information with clarity and calm. These beliefs, while not scientifically proven, contribute to the enduring appeal of these gemstones and their significance to those who wear them. Some believe tanzanite can activate the throat, third-eye, and crown chakras, enabling psychic abilities and communication with higher dimensions. It is also associated with healing, protection, and self-transformation.
Care and Cleaning
Maintaining the beauty of December birthstones requires understanding their individual properties. While specific care instructions for each gem would benefit from more detailed sources, general guidelines can be followed. The sources suggest following simple care instructions to ensure the stones remain vibrant for years to come. Given the variety of compositions, it is advisable to avoid harsh chemicals and ultrasonic cleaners, opting instead for gentle cleaning with mild soap and warm water. Professional cleaning and inspection are recommended periodically to ensure the longevity and brilliance of these cherished gemstones.
Conclusion
December’s birthstones – zircon, topaz, tanzanite, lapis lazuli, and turquoise – represent a rich tapestry of history, symbolism, and geological diversity. From ancient traditions to modern discoveries, these gems offer a unique connection to the past and a vibrant expression of individuality. The availability of multiple birthstones for December allows individuals to choose a gem that resonates with their personal preferences and beliefs, making each stone a meaningful and cherished possession. These stones are more than just beautiful; they reflect the wearer's personality and bring a variety of cultural significances. When choosing between these gemstones, December’s stones stand out with their vibrant colors and deep cultural roots, providing a distinct way to express individuality.