Those born on December 27th are uniquely blessed with not one, but three recognized birthstones: Tanzanite, Turquoise, and Zircon. Each of these gems carries its own distinct history, symbolism, and aesthetic appeal, offering a diverse range of choices for those seeking a meaningful connection to their birthdate. This article will explore the origins, properties, and cultural significance of these three gemstones, providing a comprehensive overview for enthusiasts and those interested in the lore surrounding December birthstones.
History and Lore
The selection of birthstones has evolved over time, with historical roots stretching back to ancient civilizations. While Turquoise boasts the longest history of use, dating back millennia, Tanzanite is a relatively recent discovery, unearthed in Tanzania in the 1960s. Zircon, though often overshadowed by its more famous counterparts, also possesses a rich and fascinating past.
Turquoise has been cherished for centuries, its name originating from the French phrase “pierre turquoise,” meaning “stone of Turkey,” as the stone was initially brought to Europe through Turkish trade routes. Ancient cultures valued Turquoise for its perceived spiritual and healing qualities.
Tanzanite, in contrast, is a modern addition to the birthstone family. Its discovery in the Merelani Hills of Tanzania in 1967 quickly propelled it to prominence in the gem world. The gem’s unique color and brilliance contributed to its rapid acceptance as a December birthstone.
Zircon, while less frequently discussed than Tanzanite or Turquoise, has a history extending back to ancient times. It has been found in archaeological sites and was used in various cultures for ornamental purposes.
Geological Formation and Sources
The origins of these three gemstones are quite different, reflecting their unique geological processes.
Tanzanite is exclusively sourced from the Merelani Hills in northern Tanzania. Its rarity stems from the fact that gem-quality Tanzanite is found in only this single location worldwide. It is a blue and violet variety of the mineral zoisite.
Turquoise, as its name suggests, has historical ties to Turkey, but today it is primarily mined in Iran, the United States (particularly Arizona and Nevada), and China. It forms in relatively shallow deposits, often associated with copper deposits.
Zircon is found in a variety of geological settings, including igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks. Major sources include Cambodia, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Myanmar, Australia, and South Africa. The gem’s widespread occurrence contributes to its relative abundance compared to Tanzanite.
Gemological Properties
Each of these birthstones possesses distinct gemological properties that contribute to its unique appearance and value.
Tanzanite: This gemstone is a variety of zoisite, displaying a remarkable characteristic known as pleochroism – exhibiting different colors when viewed from different angles and under varying lighting conditions. Its color ranges from blue to violet, with the most desirable hues being a deep, vivid blue. Tanzanite scores a 7 out of 10 on the Mohs scale of hardness, making it durable enough for jewelry but requiring careful handling.
Turquoise: This opaque, blue-to-green mineral is a hydrated phosphate of copper and aluminum. Its color is influenced by the presence of copper and iron. Turquoise typically ranges from a pale sky blue to a deeper, more saturated blue-green. It has a hardness of 5-6 on the Mohs scale, making it relatively soft and susceptible to scratching.
Zircon: Zircon is a zirconium silicate mineral (ZrSiO4) that occurs in a wide range of colors, including blue, golden, red, and clear. Blue zircon is the most common variety used as a December birthstone. It boasts a high refractive index, giving it exceptional brilliance and fire. Zircon typically scores between 6.5 and 7.5 on the Mohs scale of hardness.
The following table summarizes the key gemological properties:
| Gemstone | Chemical Formula | Color(s) | Hardness (Mohs) | Pleochroism |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tanzanite | Ca2Al3(SiO4)3(OH) | Blue, Violet | 7 | Yes |
| Turquoise | CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O | Blue-Green | 5-6 | No |
| Zircon | ZrSiO4 | Blue, Golden, Red | 6.5-7.5 | No |
Symbolism and Metaphysical Beliefs
Throughout history, these gemstones have been attributed with various symbolic meanings and metaphysical properties.
Tanzanite is believed to possess a deep spiritual essence, associated with spiritual awakening, insight, and enlightenment. It is thought to aid in communication, promoting clarity of thought and enhancing intuition. It symbolizes transformation and is believed to help navigate life’s challenges with wisdom and grace. It is also associated with dignity, truth, and wisdom.
Turquoise has long been considered a sacred stone, symbolizing success, happiness, and prosperity. Ancient cultures believed it offered protection and healing properties.
Zircon, while less frequently discussed in terms of metaphysical beliefs, is sometimes associated with prosperity and wisdom.
Care and Cleaning
Proper care is essential to maintain the beauty and longevity of these gemstones.
Tanzanite, with its moderate hardness, should be protected from scratches and impacts. Cleaning can be done with warm, soapy water and a soft brush. Avoid ultrasonic cleaners and harsh chemicals.
Turquoise, being relatively soft, is susceptible to scratching and damage from chemicals. It should be cleaned gently with a soft cloth and mild soapy water. Avoid prolonged exposure to sunlight and harsh chemicals.
Zircon, with its good hardness, is relatively durable. It can be cleaned with warm, soapy water and a soft brush. Ultrasonic cleaners can be used with caution.
Conclusion
The December 27th birthstones – Tanzanite, Turquoise, and Zircon – represent a captivating blend of history, beauty, and symbolism. Tanzanite, the modern discovery, offers a vibrant blue-violet hue and is associated with spiritual awakening. Turquoise, with its ancient roots, symbolizes success and protection. Zircon, with its dazzling brilliance, provides a versatile and radiant option. Each gemstone offers a unique connection to those born on this day, providing a meaningful and beautiful adornment. Whether chosen for their aesthetic appeal, historical significance, or perceived metaphysical properties, these December birthstones continue to captivate and inspire.