December boasts a remarkable array of birthstones – blue topaz, blue zircon, tanzanite, and turquoise – offering a spectrum of blues and greens to represent the winter month. These gemstones carry rich histories, diverse metaphysical beliefs, and unique geological origins, making them highly sought after by collectors and jewelry enthusiasts alike. This article will delve into the characteristics, history, and significance of each of these December birthstones, drawing upon available knowledge to provide a comprehensive overview.
History and Lore
The tradition of associating gemstones with specific months dates back to ancient times, evolving from biblical connections and early cultural practices. The practice of wearing birthstones wasn’t a recent fashion trend, but rather a custom rooted in medieval times. For centuries, turquoise and zircon have been recognized as primary birthstones for December, representing the chill of winter with their blue hues. However, the modern list has expanded to include blue topaz and tanzanite, offering a wider range of choices based on color, price, and personal meaning.
Turquoise, in particular, has a long and storied past. Cherished for millennia, it adorned the pharaohs of ancient Egypt and was intricately carved by Chinese artisans over 3,000 years ago. It was believed to guarantee health and good fortune, and from the 13th century onward, it was thought to protect wearers from falls, even breaking into pieces to warn of impending disaster. Hindu mystics believed that viewing turquoise after a new moon would bring immense wealth.
Lapis Lazuli, also considered a traditional December birthstone, was associated with wisdom and royalty due to its deep azure tones and golden pyrite flecks. Ancient civilizations considered it a stone of truth and enlightenment, believed to enhance intellectual abilities.
Geological Formation and Sources
The sources for these December birthstones are geographically diverse. Turquoise, as the name suggests, is often found in regions with turquoise-colored waters, though its formation occurs in arid environments. It is a semi-translucent to opaque gem, often displaying veins of matrix – remnants of the rock in which it formed.
Tanzanite is uniquely sourced, found in only one area near Mount Kilimanjaro in Tanzania. This limited geographical origin contributes to its rarity and value. Blue zircon is also valued for its geological significance, being one of the oldest minerals on Earth.
Blue topaz is a popular modern choice, and while sources aren’t detailed in the provided materials, it is generally mined in Brazil, Nigeria, and Russia. The sources for zircon are not explicitly stated, but its ancient origins suggest a widespread geological presence.
Gemological Properties
Each December birthstone possesses distinct gemological properties. Turquoise ranges in color from blue to green and is a relatively soft stone. Blue zircon is celebrated for its brilliant fire and rainbow of colors. Tanzanite is prized for its unique blue to violet color, a result of its trichroism – the ability to display different colors depending on the viewing angle. Blue topaz is known for its calm, serene colors.
A comparative overview of hardness, based on general gemological knowledge (though not explicitly stated in the provided sources), would place these stones on the Mohs scale as follows:
| Gemstone | Mohs Hardness |
|---|---|
| Turquoise | 5-6 |
| Blue Zircon | 6.5-7.5 |
| Blue Topaz | 8 |
| Tanzanite | 6-7 |
This table illustrates the varying durability of these stones, with topaz being the most resistant to scratching and turquoise being the most delicate.
Symbolism and Metaphysical Beliefs
Throughout history, these gemstones have been attributed with various symbolic meanings and metaphysical properties. Turquoise is often seen as a talisman for protection and a symbol of good fortune, instilling inner calm and fostering creativity. Lapis Lazuli resonates with those seeking inner wisdom and a connection to higher consciousness, evoking serenity and expansiveness.
Blue zircon is valued for its clarity and color range, while tanzanite is believed to enhance intuition and spiritual awareness. Blue topaz is associated with tranquility and communication. The provided sources suggest that wearing these gems can bestow beneficial powers, guaranteeing health, wealth, and protection from harm.
Care and Cleaning
The care required for each December birthstone varies based on its hardness and composition. Turquoise, being relatively soft, requires gentle handling and should be protected from scratches and harsh chemicals. Cleaning can be done with a soft cloth and mild soapy water.
Blue zircon and blue topaz are more durable and can withstand gentle cleaning with warm water, mild soap, and a soft brush. However, caution should be exercised as some treatments can be affected by heat or ultrasonic cleaners. Tanzanite, while beautiful, is also relatively soft and should be treated with care, avoiding harsh chemicals and extreme temperatures.
December’s Traditional and Modern Gems
December offers a diverse selection of birthstones, encompassing both traditional and modern choices. The traditional gems, turquoise and lapis lazuli, carry centuries of history and cultural significance. Turquoise, with its captivating blue-green hues, brings tranquility and positive energy. Lapis Lazuli, with its deep azure tones and golden pyrite flecks, symbolizes wisdom and royalty.
The modern birthstones – blue topaz, blue zircon, and tanzanite – provide a wider range of color and price options. Blue topaz is a popular choice for its serene beauty, blue zircon for its brilliant fire, and tanzanite for its unique color and rarity. This variety ensures that individuals born in December can find a gemstone that resonates with their personal preferences and style.
The Allure of December’s Gems
The December birthstones – blue topaz, blue zircon, tanzanite, and turquoise – represent a captivating blend of history, beauty, and symbolism. From the ancient civilizations that revered turquoise to the modern gemological discoveries that unveiled the allure of tanzanite, these gemstones continue to fascinate and inspire. Whether chosen for their aesthetic appeal, metaphysical properties, or personal significance, these December birthstones offer a unique and meaningful connection to the winter season and the individuals born within it.
Conclusion
The December birthstones offer a rich tapestry of color, history, and symbolism. From the ancient lore surrounding turquoise and lapis lazuli to the modern appeal of blue topaz, blue zircon, and tanzanite, these gemstones provide a diverse and captivating selection for those born in the final month of the year. Each stone possesses unique properties and a distinct allure, making them cherished additions to any jewelry collection and meaningful gifts for loved ones. The variety ensures that every December baby can find a gem that truly reflects their personality and spirit.