November is unique among the birthstone months, possessing not one, but two recognized gemstones: Topaz and Citrine. This dual designation stems from a desire to broaden options within the jewelry market, offering a wider spectrum of color and choice to those born in the eleventh month. Both stones carry rich histories, symbolic meanings, and distinct gemological properties, making November birthdays particularly vibrant. This article will explore the origins, characteristics, lore, and modern significance of both Topaz and Citrine, the birthstones of November.
History and Lore
The practice of assigning gemstones to specific months is relatively recent, originating just over a century ago with jewelers seeking to standardize and promote birthstone jewelry. However, the history of both Topaz and Citrine extends far back into antiquity. Topaz, often referred to as the “fire stone,” was associated with the sun gods Ra and Jupiter in ancient civilizations. Legends suggest the stone could quench thirst and prevent nightmares, highlighting its early perceived protective qualities.
Citrine, while often presented alongside Topaz as a November birthstone, doesn’t share the same extensive ancient history within this context. Its association with November is largely a more modern development, linked to the expansion of birthstone options. However, both stones have been valued for their beauty and perceived powers for centuries.
Geological Formation and Sources
The provided sources do not detail the geological formation of either Topaz or Citrine, nor do they specify primary mining locations. However, the sources indicate that Topaz occurs naturally in colorless, orange, and golden-brown hues, and is often treated to achieve other colors, such as the popular blue variety. Citrine is also noted for its yellow coloring.
Gemological Properties
Topaz boasts a Mohs hardness of 8, making it a relatively durable gemstone suitable for everyday wear. Its natural colors range from colorless to orange and golden-brown, but treatments are commonly employed to produce a wider array of shades.
Citrine also presents with a warm yellow coloring. The sources do not provide a Mohs hardness for Citrine.
A comparison of the hardness of Topaz to other gemstones is shown below:
| Gemstone | Mohs Hardness |
|---|---|
| Talc | 1 |
| Gypsum | 2 |
| Calcite | 3 |
| Fluorite | 4 |
| Apatite | 5 |
| Orthoclase | 6 |
| Topaz | 8 |
| Corundum | 9 |
| Diamond | 10 |
Symbolism and Metaphysical Beliefs
Topaz is believed to spark purpose, zeal, and passion, instilling self-confidence and a radiant glow in the wearer. It is also associated with kindness and charity. Ancient beliefs attributed various powers to Topaz, including the ability to prevent bad dreams.
Citrine is linked to feelings of self-realization and calm, making it a beneficial stone for those prone to worry or anxiety. Turquoise, another November birthstone mentioned in the sources, has been considered a protective stone for centuries, appearing in saddles and horse equipment to safeguard riders. Aztecs held Turquoise in high regard, with some accounts suggesting they valued it even more than gold. Turquoise is also believed to promote self-realization and bring calm.
The sources also connect gemstones to the days of the week, offering an alternative method of selection. Thursday is associated with amethyst for mental clarity, while Friday is linked to emerald for love and excitement.
Birthstones by Zodiac Sign
The sources indicate that Scorpios (October 24 – November 22) can choose between Citrine and Topaz as their birthstones, while Sagittarians (November 23 – December 21) are associated with Sapphire. This highlights the option of selecting a birthstone based on zodiac sign rather than solely on birth month.
Alternative Traditional Birthstones
While Topaz and Citrine are the modern birthstones for November, other stones have been historically associated with the month. Carnelian is listed as a traditional alternative for Scorpio, while Turquoise and Amethyst are also considered November birthstones. Opal and Aquamarine are listed as alternative traditional October birthstones.
Choosing a Birthstone
The sources outline several approaches to selecting a birthstone. Beyond the traditional month-based assignment, individuals can choose based on color preference, symbolic meaning, or zodiac sign. The option to select a stone for the day of the week is also presented, offering a personalized approach to gemstone selection.
Care and Cleaning
The provided sources do not offer specific care and cleaning instructions for Topaz or Citrine. However, given Topaz’s Mohs hardness of 8, it is reasonably durable and can withstand regular wear. Gentle cleaning with warm, soapy water and a soft brush is generally recommended for most gemstones.
The Rarest Birthstone
According to the sources, the Red Diamond is considered one of the rarest birthstones. As a variety of diamond, the February birthstone, its rarity makes it a highly prized and valuable gem.
November Birthstones for Scorpio and Sagittarius
The sources specifically mention that Scorpios can choose between Citrine and Topaz, while Sagittarians are associated with Sapphire. This provides a clear guide for individuals born under these zodiac signs seeking a birthstone.
Turquoise: A November Option
Turquoise, a blue gemstone, is also presented as a November birthstone. It has a long history of being considered a protective stone, and is believed to promote feelings of self-realization and calm. Setting turquoise in silver is common in the U.S., while gold settings are more prevalent in the Middle East.
Amethyst: Another November Consideration
Amethyst, a violet-colored quartz, is also listed as a November birthstone. It symbolizes intellect, temperance, and love, and has been valued by religious leaders throughout history for its supposed ability to curb excessive passion and temptation.
Conclusion
November’s birthstones, Topaz and Citrine, offer a diverse range of colors, histories, and symbolic meanings. While jewelers standardized these assignments relatively recently, both stones have been cherished for centuries. The option to choose based on zodiac sign, color preference, or even the day of the week adds a layer of personalization to the birthstone selection process. The inclusion of Turquoise and Amethyst as alternative November birthstones further expands the possibilities, making November a month rich in gemstone significance. The sources provided offer a glimpse into the fascinating world of birthstones, highlighting their enduring appeal and cultural importance.