July 16th is marked by a birthstone that stands among the most revered and sought-after in the world of gemology: the ruby. Known for its captivating red hue and deep symbolic significance, the ruby is not only the birthstone for those born on July 16th but also the official birthstone for the entire month of July. This gemstone, often referred to as the "king of precious stones," has been cherished for millennia across cultures for its beauty, rarity, and the powerful metaphysical properties it is believed to possess.
For those born on July 16th, the ruby is more than just a birthstone—it is a symbol of loyalty, strength, and vitality. This article explores the ruby in depth, covering its historical significance, geological properties, cultural symbolism, and practical care. Whether you are a gemstone enthusiast, a jewelry buyer, or simply curious about the meaning behind your birthstone, this guide will provide a comprehensive look into the world of the ruby.
History and Lore
The ruby's history is as rich and vibrant as its color. The name "ruby" is derived from the Latin word ruber, meaning "red," a testament to the gemstone's defining feature. In ancient times, the ruby was regarded as a stone of immense power and significance. It was believed to possess mystical properties that could ward off evil, protect against danger, and even predict misfortune.
In ancient India, the ruby was known as ratnaraj, or "king of precious stones." It was highly valued for its beauty and rarity, and it was often set into the royal crowns and regalia of emperors and warriors. The Burmese, in particular, held the ruby in high esteem, believing it to imbue its wearer with invincibility in battle. In fact, some Burmese soldiers wore rubies in battle, believing that the gem would protect them and ensure victory.
In medieval Europe, rubies were associated with health, wisdom, and success in love. They were thought to bring wealth and prosperity to those who possessed them. Rubies were also believed to cure inflammatory diseases and soothe anger. These beliefs contributed to the ruby's status as one of the most coveted gemstones of the time.
In addition to its symbolic significance, the ruby has played a role in some of history’s most iconic jewelry pieces. The Black Prince's Ruby, for example, is part of the British Crown Jewels and was once thought to be a true ruby, though it was later identified as a red spinel. Another famous ruby, the Timor Ruby, is known for its large size and deep red color. These historical examples underscore the ruby’s enduring appeal and importance.
Geological Formation and Sources
Rubies belong to the corundum family, which also includes sapphires. Corundum is composed of aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃), and the red color of the ruby is due to the presence of trace amounts of chromium. The more chromium present, the deeper and richer the red color. The finest rubies exhibit a deep red with a slight purple undertone, a color known in the trade as "pigeon's blood."
Rubies are formed under intense heat and pressure deep within the Earth's crust, often in metamorphic rocks such as marble. The process of their formation can take millions of years, contributing to their rarity and value. Once formed, rubies are typically found in alluvial deposits, where they are worn away from their source and carried by water to new locations.
The most famous and historically significant ruby deposits are found in Myanmar (formerly Burma), where the gem has been mined for centuries. Burmese rubies are known for their exceptional color and fluorescence, which gives them a vibrant, almost glowing appearance. Other notable ruby-producing countries include Thailand, Sri Lanka, Afghanistan, and Madagascar. Each of these regions produces rubies with distinct characteristics, often influenced by the geological conditions in which they were formed.
In addition to their color, rubies are valued for their hardness. On the Mohs scale of mineral hardness, rubies rank at 9, just one point below the diamond. This makes them highly durable and suitable for use in jewelry that is worn regularly.
Gemological Properties
The ruby is one of the four precious gemstones, alongside diamonds, emeralds, and sapphires. It is a mineral of the corundum family, with the chemical formula Al₂O₃. The presence of chromium is responsible for its characteristic red color, though other trace elements can affect the secondary hues, such as pink, orange, or violet. These secondary colors can sometimes indicate the ruby's country of origin.
The most prized rubies are those with a deep red color known as "pigeon's blood." This term is used to describe rubies with a rich red hue that has a slight blue or purple undertone, giving the stone a vibrant, almost glowing appearance. The term is most commonly associated with Burmese rubies, though it can also apply to rubies from other regions that exhibit similar qualities.
Rubies are typically cut into shapes that enhance their color and brilliance, such as the oval, cushion, and round cuts. The most common method of cutting rubies is to use a brilliant or modified brilliant cut, which maximizes the stone's refractive index and dispersion. However, because of their hardness and durability, rubies can also be cut into more elaborate and complex shapes.
In terms of clarity, high-quality rubies often contain inclusions, which are natural features that form within the stone during its growth. These inclusions can sometimes be seen with the naked eye or under magnification and are considered part of the ruby's character. However, rubies with fewer inclusions are generally more valuable, especially when they exhibit a deep, saturated color.
Rubies are typically available in a range of carat weights, though large, high-quality rubies are extremely rare and command very high prices. The value of a ruby is determined by several factors, including color, clarity, cut, and carat weight. A ruby with an intense red color and minimal inclusions can be worth significantly more than a ruby with a lighter color or more visible inclusions.
Symbolism and Metaphysical Beliefs
The ruby is not only a gemstone of beauty but also one of deep symbolic meaning. Across cultures and throughout history, it has been associated with a wide range of metaphysical properties and beliefs. These include protection, courage, vitality, and even the ability to predict the future.
In ancient India, the ruby was believed to be a source of life force and energy. It was used in jewelry and amulets to enhance vitality and promote a sense of strength and confidence. In some traditions, it was thought that the ruby could help the wearer overcome difficulties and achieve success in their endeavors.
In medieval Europe, rubies were associated with love and passion. They were believed to bring warmth and intensity to relationships, making them a popular choice for engagement rings and romantic gifts. In addition to their connection to love, rubies were also believed to bring wealth and prosperity. They were often worn by those who wished to attract financial success or business opportunities.
In more modern metaphysical traditions, rubies are associated with the root chakra, which is responsible for grounding, stability, and a sense of security. They are believed to stimulate the flow of energy throughout the body, increasing vitality and enhancing one's ability to focus and concentrate. Rubies are also thought to promote courage and determination, helping the wearer to overcome fear and take bold action in their life.
Rubies are also associated with protection. In some traditions, they are believed to shield the wearer from negative energies and harmful influences. They are often used in talismans and amulets to provide a sense of safety and security.
Care and Cleaning
Due to its hardness and durability, the ruby is one of the more resilient gemstones when it comes to everyday wear. However, like all gemstones, it does require proper care to maintain its beauty and longevity.
When cleaning a ruby, it is best to use a soft, lint-free cloth and a mild soap solution. A soft-bristled toothbrush can be used to gently scrub away any dirt or debris. It is important to avoid using harsh chemicals or abrasive materials, as these can damage the stone or its setting.
Rubies can be safely cleaned in an ultrasonic cleaner, though it is advisable to consult with a professional jeweler first, especially if the stone has any inclusions or if it is set in a delicate piece of jewelry. Steam cleaning is generally not recommended for rubies, as the high heat can cause the stone to crack or become discolored.
When storing rubies, it is best to keep them in a soft pouch or a jewelry box to prevent scratches from harder gemstones. It is also important to avoid exposing rubies to extreme temperatures or sudden changes in temperature, as this can cause the stone to crack or become damaged.
For those who wear ruby jewelry regularly, it is a good idea to have the piece inspected by a professional jeweler every few years. This will help to ensure that the stone remains secure in its setting and that any potential issues, such as loose prongs or wear on the metal, can be addressed before they become more serious.
Conclusion
The ruby, the July 16 birthstone, is a gemstone of enduring beauty, rich history, and deep symbolic meaning. Its vibrant red color, remarkable hardness, and association with power, protection, and passion have made it one of the most cherished gemstones in the world. Whether worn as a piece of jewelry, a symbol of love, or a source of metaphysical energy, the ruby continues to captivate and inspire.
For those born on July 16th, the ruby is more than just a birthstone—it is a reflection of their inner strength, vitality, and connection to the world around them. Its enduring legacy, from ancient royal courts to modern jewelry collections, ensures that the ruby will remain a symbol of passion, power, and protection for generations to come.