March is unique among the months, celebrated with not one, but two official birthstones: aquamarine and bloodstone. These gemstones, while strikingly different in appearance, share a reputation for promoting well-being and represent the contrasting energies of the spring season. Aquamarine, with its serene blue hues, embodies the calm of the sea, while bloodstone, a dark green stone flecked with red, symbolizes vitality and strength. This article will explore the history, geological origins, gemological properties, and symbolism of these two fascinating March birthstones.
History and Lore
The association of gemstones with specific months and their corresponding astrological signs dates back centuries. The tradition initially stemmed from the twelve gemstones adorning the High Priest’s breastplate in the Bible, later evolving through various cultural interpretations. While bloodstone historically held the sole designation as the March birthstone, aquamarine was added in 1912 by the Jewelers of America to provide a more accessible and appealing option for those born in March. This decision reflected both economic shifts and evolving consumer preferences.
Historically, March was linked to the Roman god of war, Mars, as it marked the resumption of military campaigns after the winter months. The month also signified the return to farming and travel with the spring equinox. Ancient festivals celebrated both Mars and the new year. Bloodstone, in particular, carries a rich history steeped in religious belief. Its name originates from the medieval belief that the red spots within the stone represented the blood of Christ, lending it a sacred significance. The ancient Greeks referred to bloodstone as “heliotrope,” meaning “to turn the sun,” believing it possessed the power to control the sun’s movement.
Aquamarine’s history is equally compelling, though its association with March is more recent. The name “aquamarine” itself is derived from the Latin words for seawater, aqua and marina, aptly describing its captivating blue-green hues. Throughout history, aquamarine has been believed to possess protective qualities, particularly for sailors, ensuring a safe voyage.
Geological Formation and Sources
Bloodstone is a variety of chalcedony, a microcrystalline form of quartz. Its distinctive appearance arises from the presence of iron oxide inclusions within the dark green jasper matrix. The green coloration is attributed to chlorite, while the red spots are caused by iron oxide, often resembling the planet Mars in appearance. Bloodstone is typically found as opaque to semi-translucent cabochons.
Aquamarine, on the other hand, is a member of the beryl family, sharing its chemical composition with emerald and morganite. Its blue to greenish-blue color is caused by trace amounts of iron within the beryl crystal structure. Aquamarine typically forms in pegmatites, igneous rocks rich in rare elements.
While specific mining locations weren’t extensively detailed in the provided sources, the texts indicate both stones are readily available in the market, suggesting established mining operations. The sources do not provide specific locations for either stone.
Gemological Properties
The most immediately apparent difference between aquamarine and bloodstone lies in their color and transparency. Aquamarine exhibits soft, sea-green to sky-blue hues and is generally transparent, resembling clear water. Bloodstone, conversely, is typically opaque, displaying a dark forest green color punctuated by crimson splashes.
Here's a comparative overview of their key gemological properties, based on the available information:
| Property | Aquamarine | Bloodstone |
|---|---|---|
| Color | Blue to Green-Blue | Dark Green with Red Spots |
| Transparency | Transparent | Opaque |
| Composition | Beryl | Chalcedony (Quartz) |
| Name Origin | Latin: aqua marina | Religious Beliefs/Greek heliotrope |
The sources do not provide information on hardness, refractive index, or other detailed gemological data.
Symbolism and Metaphysical Beliefs
Both aquamarine and bloodstone are imbued with symbolic meaning. Aquamarine is often associated with courage, purity, and eternal love, representing the “soul of the sea.” It is believed to promote calmness, clarity, and emotional balance. Bloodstone, known as the “blood of the earth,” embodies vitality, resilience, and self-healing. It is thought to strengthen the immune system and promote physical strength.
Historically, bloodstone was believed to have the power to control the sun and was considered a sacred stone due to its association with the blood of Christ. Aquamarine, with its connection to the sea, was favored by sailors for its protective qualities.
Care and Cleaning
The sources do not provide specific care instructions for either gemstone. However, given that bloodstone is a chalcedony and aquamarine is a beryl, general gemstone care guidelines apply. Both stones should be cleaned with warm, soapy water and a soft brush. Avoid harsh chemicals and ultrasonic cleaners, as these could potentially damage the gemstones.
Conclusion
Aquamarine and bloodstone, the dual birthstones of March, offer a compelling representation of the season’s contrasting energies. Aquamarine’s serene blue evokes the tranquility of the sea, while bloodstone’s vibrant green and red symbolize vitality and strength. From their rich histories and diverse geological origins to their symbolic meanings and enduring appeal, these gemstones continue to captivate and inspire. Whether chosen for their aesthetic beauty, historical significance, or perceived metaphysical properties, aquamarine and bloodstone remain cherished symbols of those born in the month of March.