The color purple has long been associated with royalty, spirituality, and power, and the gemstones that exhibit this captivating hue are equally esteemed. While a variety of gems can display purple shades, several stand out as significant birthstones, each with its own unique history, lore, and gemological characteristics. This article will explore the world of purple birthstones, focusing on the most prominent examples and their enduring appeal.
History and Lore
The association between purple and royalty dates back millennia. In ancient times, purple dyes were incredibly expensive and difficult to produce, making them accessible only to the wealthiest and most powerful members of society. This exclusivity naturally extended to gemstones displaying the color, imbuing them with symbolic weight. Amethyst, perhaps the most well-known purple birthstone, has a particularly rich history. Its name originates from the Greek word amethystos, meaning “a remedy against drunkenness,” reflecting an ancient belief that the gem could protect against the effects of wine. This belief stemmed from the gem’s wine-like color and its association with Bacchus, the Greek god of wine. Both Greeks and Romans utilized amethyst in drinking vessels and as amulets, hoping to ward off intoxication and maintain clarity of mind.
Beyond its protective qualities, amethyst was also believed to bestow strength and intelligence upon its wearer. Historical accounts reveal that royals have been captivated by the deep purple color of amethyst since at least the time of Alexander the Great. The color purple also holds a significant place in Christian tradition, representing humility and purification, and is frequently used in religious ceremonies and vestments. This spiritual connection has further cemented the gemstone’s enduring appeal.
The symbolism of purple extends beyond amethyst. More generally, the color is linked to ambition, luxury, and magic, contributing to the mystique surrounding purple gemstones.
Gemological Properties and Varieties
Several gemstones can exhibit purple coloration, each with distinct gemological properties.
Amethyst, a variety of quartz, is arguably the most famous purple birthstone. It occurs in various shades, from pale lilac to deep, rich purple. Its chemical formula is SiO2, and it is relatively abundant, making it accessible to a wide range of consumers.
Tanzanite is another notable purple birthstone, though its color can also appear burgundy or blue depending on the crystal orientation.
Kunzite, a less traditional but increasingly popular purple gemstone, is known for its delicate lilac hues. Its Mohs hardness ranges from 6.5 to 7, indicating moderate scratch resistance.
Purple Scapolite is a rarer gem, displaying colors ranging from light lavender to deep violet. It has a Mohs hardness of 5.5 to 6, requiring careful handling.
Purple Garnet, often referred to as rhodolite, is a variety of garnet that can exhibit a dominant purple color. Garnets, while not as hard as some other gems, are durable enough for regular wear.
Lavender Jade, specifically jadeite, is a treasured Asian gemstone known for its gentle purple color. It is valued for both its aesthetic and physical properties, being soft enough to carve yet strong enough to maintain a sharp edge. The clarity of lavender jade significantly impacts its value, with clearer gems commanding higher prices.
The following table summarizes the Mohs hardness of some of the discussed purple gemstones:
| Gemstone | Mohs Hardness |
|---|---|
| Amethyst | 7 |
| Kunzite | 6.5 - 7 |
| Purple Scapolite | 5.5 - 6 |
| Purple Garnet | 6.5 - 7.5 |
| Lavender Jade | 6 - 7 |
Birthstone Associations and Modern Significance
Amethyst is recognized as the birthstone for February, as well as the guardian angel birth crystal for November, and a September birth gem according to some historical lists. Tanzanite is associated with December. The assignment of birthstones to specific months has evolved over time, with different traditions and lists existing.
Today, wearing a birthstone is often seen as a symbol of personal empowerment and inner strength. For those born in February, amethyst can be particularly meaningful, representing these qualities. Beyond birthstone associations, purple gemstones are often chosen for their aesthetic beauty and symbolic significance. They are popular choices for jewelry, ranging from rings and necklaces to earrings and bracelets.
Symbolism and Metaphysical Beliefs
Dark purple crystals are often associated with royalty, nobility, and spiritualism. They are believed to symbolize the majesty and divinity of the soul, inspiring individuals to embrace their inner power and wisdom. Some believe that wearing purple gemstones can enhance the immune system, improve endocrine function, and promote overall well-being. Additional purported benefits include improving skin appearance, promoting digestive health, reducing headaches, and regulating hormones. These beliefs, while not scientifically proven, contribute to the enduring appeal of purple gemstones for those seeking holistic healing and spiritual growth.
Care and Cleaning
The appropriate care for a purple gemstone depends on its specific hardness and durability. Amethyst, with a Mohs hardness of 7, is relatively durable and can withstand regular wear. However, it is still susceptible to scratches from harder materials. Kunzite, with a slightly lower hardness, requires more careful handling. Scapolite, being softer, should be protected from abrasion. Jade, while tough, can be damaged by harsh chemicals or impacts.
Generally, purple gemstones can be cleaned with warm, soapy water and a soft brush. Avoid ultrasonic cleaners and harsh chemicals, as these can damage the stone. It is also advisable to remove jewelry containing purple gemstones before engaging in strenuous activities or when exposed to potentially damaging substances.
Conclusion
Purple birthstones, from the widely recognized amethyst to the rarer lavender jade, hold a unique place in the world of gemstones. Their rich history, captivating colors, and symbolic significance have made them treasured possessions for centuries. Whether chosen for their birthstone association, aesthetic beauty, or purported metaphysical properties, these gems continue to enchant and inspire. The enduring allure of purple gemstones lies in their ability to connect us to a legacy of royalty, spirituality, and the enduring power of the natural world.