Introduction
Tanzanite, the December 28th birthstone, is a gemstone that captivates both the eye and the imagination. Discovered in the 1960s in the foothills of Mount Kilimanjaro in Tanzania, this relatively young gemstone has quickly earned a place among the most revered and sought-after colored stones. Known for its striking blue-violet hues and its unique trichroic nature—displaying three different colors depending on the viewing angle—Tanzanite is not only a visual marvel but also a symbol of spiritual awakening and transformation.
This article delves into the multifaceted nature of Tanzanite, exploring its geological formation, historical background, cultural and metaphysical significance, and its role in jewelry. It also provides practical advice on how to care for Tanzanite gemstones. As the birthstone for those born on December 28th, Tanzanite embodies a rare combination of beauty, meaning, and mystique, making it a fitting symbol for the individuals it represents.
History and Lore
Tanzanite's story is one of serendipity and discovery. In 1967, a gemstone was unearthed in the Merelani Hills near Mount Kilimanjaro in Tanzania. Initially, the stone was mistaken for a sapphire due to its vivid blue color. However, upon further examination, it was identified as a unique variety of zoisite, which was subsequently renamed Tanzanite in honor of its country of origin.
The discovery of Tanzanite was particularly timely, occurring just a year before the coronation of Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom. This timing, along with the gemstone's vibrant blue hues, led to speculation that it might be named after the Queen, but the decision was made to honor Tanzania instead. This act of naming the gemstone after the country where it was found has contributed to its status as a national treasure in Tanzania.
Unlike many other gemstones that have centuries of history and lore associated with them, Tanzanite is a relatively new addition to the world of colored gems. As such, its historical narrative is still being written, and much of its cultural significance is being shaped by contemporary gemstone enthusiasts and collectors. However, what makes Tanzanite truly unique is not just its recent discovery but also its association with transformation and spiritual growth. These themes have quickly become central to its identity as a birthstone.
Geological Formation and Sources
Tanzanite is a rare gemstone found exclusively in the Merelani Hills of northern Tanzania, a location that has become synonymous with its discovery. The geological conditions in this region are unique and play a crucial role in the formation of Tanzanite. It is a metamorphic gemstone, formed when zoisite—a mineral composed of calcium aluminum silicate—undergoes high-pressure and high-temperature changes. The presence of vanadium, a trace element, is responsible for Tanzanite’s signature blue-violet color.
The Merelani Hills are part of a larger geological system where tectonic activity has created the ideal environment for the formation of Tanzanite. The process involves the transformation of zoisite under specific conditions of heat and pressure, resulting in the creation of a gemstone that is both rare and visually stunning. It is important to note that Tanzanite is not found anywhere else in the world, making it one of the most exclusive gemstones available.
The mining of Tanzanite in the Merelani Hills is a significant economic activity for the region. However, the gemstone's rarity and the limited area in which it is found have led to concerns about its long-term availability. Conservation efforts are being undertaken to ensure that Tanzanite remains a viable resource for future generations, while also preserving the ecological balance of the area.
Gemological Properties
Tanzanite is a gemstone that stands out not only for its color but also for its unique gemological properties. It has a hardness of 6 to 7 on the Mohs scale, which makes it relatively durable but still requires care to avoid scratches and damage. This hardness level means that Tanzanite is suitable for various types of jewelry, including rings, necklaces, and earrings, although it is not as tough as gemstones like diamonds or sapphires.
One of the most distinctive features of Tanzanite is its trichroism, which means it displays three different colors depending on the angle from which it is viewed. These colors typically range from deep indigo to vibrant violet and even orange, creating a dynamic and captivating visual effect. This property is due to the gemstone's internal structure, which allows light to refract in different ways as it passes through the crystal.
The refractive index of Tanzanite is approximately 1.69 to 1.72, which contributes to its brilliance and sparkle. This refractive index is relatively high, allowing the gemstone to reflect light in a way that enhances its color and overall appearance. Tanzanite also has a specific gravity of around 3.35 to 3.40, which means it is relatively dense for a gemstone of its size.
In terms of clarity, Tanzanite can vary from eye-clean to having inclusions that are visible to the naked eye. However, these inclusions are often considered part of the gemstone's character and charm, rather than a flaw. The presence of inclusions can also indicate the gemstone's authenticity, as synthetic Tanzanite is less common and often produced without the same natural characteristics.
Symbolism and Metaphysical Beliefs
Tanzanite is not only admired for its physical beauty but also revered for its rich symbolism and metaphysical properties. In the realm of gemstone therapy and metaphysical practices, Tanzanite is associated with spiritual growth, transformation, and emotional healing. It is often referred to as a stone of transformation, helping individuals to navigate through life's changes with grace and resilience.
One of the most significant metaphysical properties attributed to Tanzanite is its ability to enhance spiritual awareness and facilitate deep meditation. It is believed to stimulate the throat chakra, which is associated with communication and self-expression. This makes Tanzanite a powerful tool for those who seek to articulate their thoughts and feelings with clarity and confidence. By activating the throat chakra, Tanzanite is thought to help individuals express their truths and connect more deeply with others.
Furthermore, Tanzanite is associated with the crown and third-eye chakras, which are linked to higher consciousness and intuition. It is believed to help open these chakras, allowing the wearer to access higher realms of knowledge and insight. This connection to higher consciousness makes Tanzanite a popular choice for those engaged in spiritual practices or seeking to deepen their understanding of themselves and the world around them.
In addition to its spiritual properties, Tanzanite is also considered a stone of emotional healing and protection. It is believed to absorb and transmute negative energy, helping to create a sense of inner peace and harmony. This property is particularly beneficial for individuals who are undergoing personal transformations or dealing with emotional challenges.
The symbolic meanings of Tanzanite extend beyond individual use and into the collective consciousness. It is often seen as a symbol of unity and connection, reminding individuals of their place in the larger web of existence. As a gemstone that is found in only one location on the planet, Tanzanite serves as a reminder of the uniqueness and interconnectedness of all things.
Care and Cleaning
Given its relative hardness and unique properties, Tanzanite requires careful handling and cleaning to maintain its beauty and integrity. While it is durable enough to be worn in everyday jewelry, it is not as tough as some other gemstones, so it should be protected from impacts and abrasions. Tanzanite can be scratched by harder materials, so it is advisable to store it separately from other gemstones to prevent damage.
When it comes to cleaning Tanzanite, it is best to use a gentle approach. A mild soap solution and a soft cloth or a soft-bristled brush can be used to clean the gemstone. It is important to avoid using harsh chemicals or ultrasonic cleaners, as these can damage the gemstone's surface or affect its color. Tanzanite should also be kept away from high heat, as exposure to heat can cause it to lose its color or become brittle.
Proper storage is essential for preserving the beauty of Tanzanite. It is recommended to store Tanzanite in a soft, lined jewelry box or a padded compartment to prevent it from coming into contact with harder gemstones or sharp objects. This will help to protect it from scratches and other forms of damage.
For those who wear Tanzanite regularly, it is a good idea to have the gemstone inspected by a professional jeweler periodically. A jeweler can check for any signs of wear or damage and provide guidance on how to care for the gemstone properly. This is especially important for Tanzanite jewelry that is set in delicate settings or that has intricate designs, as these can be more susceptible to damage.
Conclusion
Tanzanite, the December 28th birthstone, is a gemstone that combines rare beauty with deep symbolic meaning. Discovered in the 1960s in Tanzania, it has quickly become a favorite among gemstone enthusiasts and jewelry lovers. Its unique trichroic nature, along with its association with spiritual growth and transformation, makes it a meaningful and captivating gemstone.
As a birthstone, Tanzanite represents the qualities of those born on December 28th—individuals who are often seen as transformative and introspective. It serves as a reminder of the power of personal growth and the importance of embracing change. Whether worn as a piece of jewelry or used in spiritual practices, Tanzanite is a gemstone that continues to inspire and captivate.
For those who are fortunate enough to own Tanzanite, it is important to care for it properly to ensure that it remains as radiant and beautiful as the day it was acquired. With its rich history, unique properties, and profound symbolism, Tanzanite is more than just a gemstone—it is a symbol of the enduring connection between nature, spirituality, and human experience.